Collins Junior Illustrated Thesaurus
Collins Junior Illustrated Thesaurus
Collins Dictionaries
Collins Junior Illustrated Thesaurus is a clear, easy-to-use thesaurus that provides support for children’s creative writing and helps build vocabulary, with full definitions for every synonym and sample sentences for each word.A simple, step-by-step introduction shows children how to get the best out of their thesaurus, while the colour headwords and clear layout make it easy to find the right word. Colourful illustrations and images throughout help children remember words and definitions.
Contents
Cover (#ud7ea011e-31cf-5663-8d7b-2fd3cfb8d047)
Title Page (#u7a0f4fac-49ae-59da-8d43-14bf99cfcff9)
Using this thesaurus (#ulink_1a8cb20e-6d97-53be-bc1c-6148358eb9ac)
Aa (#ulink_7b10906d-7ce6-5a2b-92e8-76c48f91ecef)
Bb (#ulink_ce923214-9736-5199-82fb-0925474fcd1d)
Cc (#ulink_f85f74f6-8cd0-50a9-bf6a-b00342b6e12e)
Dd (#ulink_0bb6623f-f4af-572c-96d6-90a05fabec30)
Ee (#ulink_1705a02c-e390-5e98-85ca-95077609fef9)
Ff (#litres_trial_promo)
Gg (#litres_trial_promo)
Hh (#litres_trial_promo)
Ii (#litres_trial_promo)
Jj (#litres_trial_promo)
Kk (#litres_trial_promo)
Ll (#litres_trial_promo)
Mm (#litres_trial_promo)
Nn (#litres_trial_promo)
Oo (#litres_trial_promo)
Pp (#litres_trial_promo)
Qq (#litres_trial_promo)
Rr (#litres_trial_promo)
Ss (#litres_trial_promo)
Tt (#litres_trial_promo)
Uu (#litres_trial_promo)
Vv (#litres_trial_promo)
Ww (#litres_trial_promo)
Xx (#litres_trial_promo)
Yy (#litres_trial_promo)
Zz (#litres_trial_promo)
Word list pages
Amphibians (#ulink_375d31ad-e1df-5126-8e9b-ea0bd623636e)
Animals (#ulink_06b97e84-6722-510e-ad2b-3d177897df0d)
Birds (#ulink_025426dc-1604-5436-9d98-8cb74a7ec991)
Body (#ulink_99df768e-4788-5fe3-a9a9-13c6d26f5305)
Books (#ulink_2d9b0b07-79da-54e8-a867-f3c728275451)
Buildings (#ulink_24d402de-e9c0-5784-a7af-e62d9aaf83b0)
Cars (#ulink_769efa66-4842-5bd3-9c56-cf6509666a08)
Clean (#ulink_01bf07b3-bc57-54b8-8058-f491fadbbcf7)
Cold (#ulink_7cd46668-21a6-53da-a2f8-ee984557fe20)
Colours (#ulink_075ce089-eaa9-512e-8bb6-6ba518517664)
Cooking (#ulink_54c9c0a9-4e32-5bb4-af8f-acc3f0f4932d)
Crimes (#ulink_11e7004b-fa44-54e1-be3f-e256448240eb)
Criminals (#ulink_75b79f2a-d6d1-57d2-b2a0-742918c5b9d3)
Dance (#ulink_2d55a692-c312-5163-9604-36838b9cc828)
Drinks (#ulink_114fff48-6db7-50c4-ade2-949ec39a2b58)
Flowers (#litres_trial_promo)
Fruit (#litres_trial_promo)
Groups (#litres_trial_promo)
Insects (#litres_trial_promo)
Jobs (#litres_trial_promo)
Magic (#litres_trial_promo)
Mammals (#litres_trial_promo)
Music (#litres_trial_promo)
Pictures (#litres_trial_promo)
Poetry (#litres_trial_promo)
Reptiles (#litres_trial_promo)
Shapes (#litres_trial_promo)
Sounds (#litres_trial_promo)
Space (#litres_trial_promo)
Sports (#litres_trial_promo)
Stories (#litres_trial_promo)
Time (#litres_trial_promo)
Trees (#litres_trial_promo)
Vegetables (#litres_trial_promo)
Water (#litres_trial_promo)
Weather (#litres_trial_promo)
Young animals (#litres_trial_promo)
Index (#litres_trial_promo)
Picture Credits (#litres_trial_promo)
Copyright (#litres_trial_promo)
About the Publisher (#litres_trial_promo)
Using this thesaurus (#ulink_628d5f98-c1e4-51e3-ae77-9c3cd239ce50)
A thesaurus helps you choose exactly the right word to make your writing more interesting. In your writing, do you find you use words like good, bad and nice too often? A thesaurus will help you find other words with the same meaning.
How to find a word
If you want to find a different way of saying a word, think of its first letter. Once you know this, there is more than one way to find your word in the thesaurus:
• You can use the Index (#litres_trial_promo) at the back of the ebook which lists all of the thesaurus words in alphabetical order. Scroll through the Index until you find the letter your word begins with, then look down the words until you find the one you are looking for. You can then follow the link to the entry in the thesaurus.
• You can use the Contents (#u6bf386da-a27e-53ad-8b3c-a380bbbd3234) page at the front of the book, which has a link to every letter in the thesaurus. Follow the link to the letter your word begins with, then look through the entries in this letter until you find the word you are looking for. The entries are in alphabetical order.
Once you have found your word in the thesaurus, you can choose the synonym that suits your writing. A synonym is a word or phrase that has a similar meaning to the headword. Read the example sentences to understand how each synonym can be used.
Choosing the right synonym
1. The headword is the word that you want to find a synonym for.
2. Some headwords also have a number in brackets. This tells you that this headword can have different meanings.
3. Next you will see the part of speech. This tells you what type of word the headword is, such as a noun, verb, adjective, adverb or pronoun. If the word you want to find is a verb, make sure the headword you look at is also a verb.
4. Underneath the headword, you will find the definition. The definition tells you what the headword means.
5. The synonyms are listed below the definition of each headword. Synonyms have similar meanings to the headword.
6. Every synonym in the Collins Junior Thesaurus has an example sentence. This shows you how the word might be used in speech or writing.
7. Some headwords and synonyms have an illustration or photo to help you read the word and understand its meaning.
Other features of this thesaurus
This arrow ➔ points to a booster. Boosters are lively words and phrases that can be used to replace a headword. Boosters are usually words that are used in speech as slang, in proverbs and in mottos. For example:
noisy ADJECTIVE
Someone or something noisy makes loud or unpleasant sounds.
boisterous
Dad complained the party was getting far too boisterous.
deafening
Suddenly there was a deafening clap of thunder.
loud
The boys’ game was much too loud.
piercing
She was a nice girl, but they couldn’t stand her piercing laugh.
➔ ear-splitting
An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another. When a headword has an antonym, the antonym is shown at the end of the entry.
hot (2) ADJECTIVE
You say food is hot if it has a strong spicy taste.
peppery
The meal was a bit too peppery for me.
spicy
Dad likes his curries really spicy.
ANTONYM: mild
Word list entries
There are special themed entries throughout this thesaurus to support your writing.
At these entries you will find lists of things, such as parts of the body, colours and different types of animal. You might also find labelled illustrations to help you understand the words in the list. The word list pages are listed on the Contents (#u6bf386da-a27e-53ad-8b3c-a380bbbd3234) page.
Online resources
Explore further at www.collins.co.uk/homeworkhelp (http://www.collins.co.uk/homeworkhelp) for games, activities and extra support for parents and children.
Aa (#ulink_86858033-2fd8-5a31-8381-7caba3b4f114)
accident (1) NOUN
An accident is something nasty that happens by chance.
calamity
The flooding river caused a calamity and the house was wrecked.
catastrophe
That plane crash was a catastrophe.
collision
Mark damaged his bike in a collision with the gatepost.
crash
There was a bad crash on the motorway.
disaster
Tom’s walk ended with a disaster when he fell in the canal.
mishap
“Just a mishap,” said Dad, after his keys fell down the drain.
accident (2) NOUN
If something happens by accident, it was not planned.
chance
The friends met by chance at the disco.
coincidence
Ben and Rosie got the same answers by coincidence.
afraid ADJECTIVE
Someone who is afraid thinks that something nasty might happen.
anxious
Mole felt anxious in the wild wood.
nervous
“You don’t need to be nervous,” said the dentist. “This won’t hurt a bit.”
panic-stricken
They were panic-stricken when they heard the ice crack.
petrified
Emma was petrified during her ride on the big dipper.
scared
Goldilocks was scared when the three bears found her.
worried
Our cat was worried when the pet-shop owner picked up her kittens.
➔ numb with fear; scared to death
amphibian NOUN
An amphibian is an animal that can live on land and in water.
TYPES OF AMPHIBIANS:
anger NOUN
Anger is the strong feeling you have about something that is unfair.
fury
My little brother stamped his foot in fury when I wouldn’t play with him.
outrage
There was outrage among farmers when the plans were announced.
rage
Nobody dared annoy the ogre, because his rage was terrible to see.
angry ADJECTIVE
If you feel angry, you are very cross.
annoyed
Alice was annoyed with the Mad Hatter and the March Hare.
cross
Steven was cross when his sister finished his jigsaw.
enraged
Michael was enraged when thieves stole his new bike.
furious
His sister was furious about the broken window.
infuriated
Grandpa was infuriated because squirrels had dug up his flower bulbs.
mad
I made my best friend mad by shouting at her.
wild
Sarah was really wild when her little brother scribbled on her work.
➔ climbing the walls; fuming; going ballistic; livid
ANTONYM: pleased
animal NOUN
Animals are living things that are not plants. Humans, mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and insects are all animals.
beast
Fabulous beasts roamed wild in the enchanted forest.
creature
Mice are timid creatures.
KINDS OF ANIMALS:
amphibian
bird
fish
insect
mammal
reptile
annoy VERB
If you do something that annoys someone, you make them cross.
bother
The horse lashed its tail at flies that were bothering it.
hassle INFORMAL
Stop hassling me or we won’t go at all.
irritate
It irritates Thomas when people treat him like a child.
pester
The cubs would not stop pestering the old lion.
➔ drive someone crazy; get on someone’s nerves
appear (1) VERB
If something appears, it moves into a place where you can see it.
come into view
At last the train came into view round the bend.
emerge
A mouse emerged from a small hole in the skirting board.
turn up
They waited ages for the bus to turn up.
appear (2) VERB
If someone appears in a show or play, they take part in it.
act
Our drama teacher is looking for people to act in Peter Pan.
perform
I’ve been asked to perform in the school concert tonight.
argument NOUN
An argument is a talk between people who do not agree.
disagreement
There was a disagreement about the new kitten’s name.
fight
We had a bit of a fight over whose turn it was to wash up.
quarrel
Sophie was unhappy after the quarrel with her friend.
squabble
“I don’t want the usual squabble about this,” said Mary.
arrange (1) VERB
If you arrange something like a party, you make plans and organize it.
fix
We’d better fix the date soon or there won’t be any seats left.
organize
My mum’s great at organizing things, but she won’t do any cooking.
plan
William’s sister is planning a wedding at the end of the year.
arrange (2) VERB
If you arrange things like flowers, you group them in a special way.
group
Harry grouped the rocks according to size.
set out
The books were set out on the shelves.
sort
Dad sorted his files in alphabetical order to make them easy to find.
arrive VERB
When you arrive at a place, you reach it at the end of your journey.
come
What time’s Jeremy coming?
turn up
Chloe could turn up any minute now.
ask (1) VERB
You ask for something when you want to be given it.
beg
James begged his dad for a mountain bike for his birthday.
demand
“Who’s been playing with my camera?” demanded Dad.
order
The highwayman ordered them to hand over their jewels.
plead
Holly pleaded to be allowed to stay up late and read her book.
request
The sign read, “Parents are requested to control their children.”
ask (2) VERB
If you ask someone a question, you are trying to find something out.
enquire
“May I enquire,” said the teacher, “why that mouse is in your pocket?”
find out
I’ll find out what time the train goes from the station.
interrogate
“You don’t have to interrogate me,” said Nina. “I’ll tell you anyway.”
question
The police said they were questioning a number of people.
ask (3) VERB
If you ask someone somewhere, you want them to come.
invite
I invited all my friends to my birthday party at the pool.
summon
Christopher was summoned to the head teacher’s office.
attractive ADJECTIVE
If someone or something is attractive, they are nice to look at.
beautiful
The car stopped and a beautiful woman got out.
charming
We had tea in the garden of a charming little cottage.
handsome
“I’ll turn into a handsome prince if you kiss me,” said the frog.
lovely
There was a lovely view from the window.
pretty
On the way, we passed through several pretty villages.
awful ADJECTIVE
Something awful is very unpleasant or bad.
bad
The weather was so bad we had to cancel the picnic.
dreadful
Sarah had a dreadful cold and found it hard to breathe.
horrible
A horrible smell came wafting from the witch’s cauldron.
terrible
Rosetta’s writing is so terrible nobody can read it.
unpleasant
They’ve painted the walls an unpleasant shade of green.
Bb (#ulink_5c6c3acd-fb90-5fa4-96f7-135577de9423)
bad (1) ADJECTIVE
You say somebody is bad if they are naughty or wicked.
criminal
The police arrested four of the men for criminal behaviour.
disobedient
I have a very disobedient dog. He doesn’t come when I call him.
evil
Stories often tell of the fight between good and evil forces.
vile
“You’re vile!” she screamed. “Go away!”
wicked
The wicked queen gave Snow White a poisoned apple.
ANTONYM: good
bad (2) ADJECTIVE
If something is bad, it is harmful, unpleasant or upsetting.
appalling
Conditions on the road were appalling. There were several accidents.
disgusting
A disgusting smell came from the cave. An ogre was washing his underpants.
dreadful
The kitchen was in a dreadful state when Sanjay had finished making a cake.
harmful
Pollution is harmful for the environment.
hazardous
There is thick fog on the motorway and driving conditions are hazardous.
horrid
Amy stood in the doorway. “I’ve just had a horrid dream,” she said.
nasty
The medicine tasted really nasty.
severe
Darren the dragon had a severe coughing fit and set light to the furniture.
terrible
The weathermen were forecasting terrible floods for the weekend.
unpleasant
Walking to school was really unpleasant. Slush was everywhere.
bad (3) ADJECTIVE
You say something is bad if it is of poor quality.
careless
Your answers are right, but your presentation is careless.
faulty
Robert’s handling of the cricket bat was faulty so he couldn’t hit the ball.
poor
The lighting was so poor nobody could see the steps properly.
shoddy
The cupboard was so shoddy that it fell apart when I opened it.
wrong
The instructions were wrong so we couldn’t see how to assemble the kit.
ban VERB
If someone bans something, you are not allowed to do it.
forbid
Our teacher has forbidden sweets and crisps in the classroom.
prohibit
The council has prohibited skateboarding in the shopping centre.
band (1) NOUN
A band is a small number of people, like a group of musicians.
group
Five of us have formed a pop group.
orchestra
Our school has its own orchestra.
band (2) NOUN
A band can be a strip of material such as iron, cloth or rubber.
hoop
Metal hoops held the barrel together.
strap
Strong straps keep the luggage safe on the roof rack.
strip
Strips of gold round the sailor’s sleeve showed he was in charge.
bang NOUN
A bang is a sudden loud noise.
blast
They heard a blast from the rocket as it launched.
boom
A boom from the explosive echoed round the quarry.
explosion
There was a deafening explosion and the ground shook.
knock
Suddenly, there was a loud knock at the front door.
bare (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is bare, it has nothing in it or on it.
empty
She looked for food in the cupboard, but it was empty.
unfurnished
The place was unfurnished except for a table and one chair.
bare (2) ADJECTIVE
If part of your body is bare, it is not covered by clothes.
naked
The baby lay naked, kicking her legs.
nude
The painting showed a nude woman holding a towel.
undressed
“You can’t come in!” she shrieked. “I’m undressed!”
basic ADJECTIVE
Basic means the simplest things you need, or need to know.
chief
The chief thing to remember when hiking is to shut gates behind you.
essential
Water is an essential requirement for all living creatures.
important
An important rule is to check the traffic before you cross a road.
main
The main thing is not to panic if the fire alarm goes off.
standard
Our car is a standard model.
beautiful (1) ADJECTIVE
You say something is beautiful if it gives you great pleasure to look at or listen to.
amazing
There’s an amazing view of the countryside from here.
attractive
It’s an attractive village with a very old church in the centre.
enchanting
The castle has an enchanting garden.
fine
It was a fine day so Finlay went for a paddle at the beach.
glorious
“Summer weather here is absolutely glorious,” exclaimed Gran.
gorgeous
Princess Jane wore a gorgeous dress sparkling with jewels.
graceful
The ballerina performed a graceful curtsey for the audience.
incredible
It was an incredible building with dozens of turrets.
magnificent
The king wore magnificent robes.
pretty
There’s a pretty cottage round the corner.
spectacular
The fireworks were spectacular.
splendid
The singer had a splendid voice.
stunning
“Wow! Your new hairstyle is absolutely stunning!” said Fiona.
beautiful (2) ADJECTIVE
You say someone is beautiful if they are lovely to look at.
good
Mum looked really good in her new outfit.
good-looking
The girl next door’s really good-looking.
lovely
The princess looked lovely on her wedding day.
believe VERB
If you believe someone or something, you think what is said is true.
accept
She can’t accept that she is wrong.
trust
I trusted him, but it seems he was not telling the truth.
bend (1) VERB
When something bends, it becomes curved or crooked.
buckle
Her bike hit a rock that badly buckled the front wheel.
fold
The blacksmith heated a strip of iron and folded it in half.
twist
A man twisted long balloons into the shape of an animal.
bend (2) NOUN
A bend is a curve in something.
corner
The house you are looking for is round the next corner.
curve
Round a curve in the river was the waterfall where we ate our picnic.
loop
Loops in the mountain road made the drive scary.
bend (3) VERB
When you bend, you move your body forwards and downwards.
bow
The farmer bowed his back under a heavy sack of oats.
crouch
The girl crouched down in a field during a game of hide and seek.
lean
Sam leaned over and stroked the kitten.
stoop
Stooping down, she touched the track made by the deer.
better (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is better than something else is of a higher standard or quality.
finer
I couldn’t have had a finer teacher.
greater
After all his study, he had a greater understanding of the subject.
better (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are feeling better after an illness, you are not feeling so ill.
healthier
Sean certainly looks much healthier now.
recovering
Grandma had a nasty fall but she is now recovering.
stronger
I felt really weak, but I’m getting stronger every day.
big (1) ADJECTIVE
Something or somebody big is large in size.
bulky
The parcel was too bulky to fit through the letterbox.
enormous
Lionel got squashed when an enormous dog sat on him.
giant
At the end of the party Uncle Simon set off a giant firework.
grand
The concert was in a very grand house.
great
There was a great gasp from the audience.
huge
Elephants are huge animals.
immense
This money will be an immense help to the new hospital.
large
Matt took a large bite of chocolate cake and grinned contentedly.
massive
A massive rock crashed to the ground in front of them.
mighty
There was a mighty roar from the crowd when we scored the winning goal.
vast
A vast mountain rose before them, its top lost in mist.
➔ colossal; gigantic; mammoth
big (2) ADJECTIVE
Sometimes big can mean important, or having a lot of influence.
important
“Hey, I think we’ve found something important,” said Carter.
serious
Burglary is a serious problem in this area.
bin VERB
If you bin something, you throw it away.
discard
Mum tried to persuade Dad to discard his old jacket.
scrap
She decided to scrap everything she’d written so far.
bind VERB
If you bind something, you tie something like string or cloth tightly round it so that it is held in place.
attach
In our first-aid class, we were taught to attach splints to a damaged limb.
fasten
The woodcutter always fastens the firewood with twine.
join
Simon used extra-strong tape to join the broken struts together.
tie
“I’ll tie a handkerchief round your leg to stop the bleeding,” said Mum.
bird NOUN
A bird is an animal with two legs, two wings and feathers.
PET BIRDS:
budgerigar
cockatiel
FARM BIRDS:
chicken
duck
goose
turkey
BIRDS THAT LIVE NEAR WATER:
coot
curlew
duck
flamingo
goose
gull
kingfisher
moorhen
pelican
penguin
puffin
stork
swan
BRITISH GARDEN BIRDS:
blackbird
blue tit
chaffinch
robin
sparrow
thrush
wren
BIRDS OF PREY:
buzzard
eagle
falcon
kestrel
owl
OTHER BIRDS:
emu
kiwi
kookaburra
ostrich
parrot
peacock
vulture
bit NOUN
A bit of something is a small piece of it.
chip
We found a chip of Roman pottery in the garden.
chunk
Henry broke off a chunk of chocolate.
crumb
Under the table, birds were pecking at leftover crumbs.
fragment
They were looking for fossils but found only a small fragment of bone.
morsel
Oliver was so hungry he ate up every last morsel of pie.
part
Julia liked the part in the film where owls brought messages.
piece
She couldn’t finish the jigsaw. There was one piece missing.
portion
Every guest had a portion of cheese.
scrap
There was an interesting scrap of paper at the crime scene.
shred
The kitten tore the curtains to shreds.
slab
A slab of white stone covered the mouth of the tomb.
speck
If there was a speck of dust my mum would find it.
body NOUN
Your body is every part of you.
boil VERB
When liquid boils, it bubbles.
bubble
Stew bubbled furiously on the stove.
foam
Warm the butter until it foams.
froth
Hot milk rose in the pan and frothed over the top.
heat
Heat the mixture for five minutes.
book NOUN
A book is a number of pages held together inside a cover.
KINDS OF BOOKS:
album
atlas
diary
dictionary
encyclopedia
jotter
manual
notebook
novel
storybook
textbook
thesaurus
boring ADJECTIVE
Something boring is so dull that you have no interest in it.
dreary
We spent a dreary afternoon queuing for concert tickets.
dull
The film was so dull that William fell asleep in the middle of it.
monotonous
The television presenter droned on in a monotonous voice.
➔ mind-numbing
ANTONYM: exciting
bottom (1) NOUN
The bottom of something is the lowest part of it.
base
There were lots of fallen rocks at the base of the cliff.
bed
The bed of the river was sandy.
foot
They stopped at the foot of the mountain and looked up.
foundation
It was an old pillar. The foundation was crumbling.
bottom (2) NOUN
Your bottom is the part of your body that you sit on.
behind
Llewelyn sat there so long that his behind went numb.
bum INFORMAL
“Does my bum look big in this?” Abdul’s teenage sister asked.
buttocks
A fall on the ice bruised his buttocks.
rear
While Tom was looking round the farm, a goat butted him in the rear.
box NOUN
A box is a container with straight sides, made from something stiff, like cardboard, wood or plastic.
carton
They took a carton of strawberries with them on the picnic.
case
When we moved, all our books were packed in cases.
chest
Tommy keeps his toys in a chest.
packet
Sarah wanted her own small packet of cereal for breakfast.
brave ADJECTIVE
If you are brave, you show you can do something even if it is frightening.
adventurous
Jack was adventurous and liked to explore new places.
bold
The kitten was bold enough to tap the dog on its nose.
courageous
The courageous dentist agreed to check the lion’s teeth.
daring
King Arthur’s knights did all sorts of daring deeds.
fearless
People doing extreme sports seem fearless.
➔ heroic; intrepid
ANTONYM: cowardly
break (1) VERB
If you break something, it splits into pieces or stops working.
chip
“Don’t bang that plate down or you’ll chip it,” said Mum.
crack
The ogre gazed at his reflection. This made the mirror crack.
crumble
She sat anxiously crumbling a piece of bread in her fingers.
fall apart
Jeremy gloomily watched his bookshelves fall apart.
shatter
Her voice is so loud it could shatter glass.
smash
There was a smash as the stereo hit the floor.
snap
Simone heard a twig snap behind her. She spun round in alarm.
splinter
The Snow Queen made the glass splinter into a thousand fragments.
break (2) NOUN
A break is a short rest or change.
interval
In the play there’s a short interval between two acts.
pause
There was a pause while the teacher hunted for her notes.
rest
“I’m exhausted,” said Daniel. “Let’s have a rest before we go out.”
bright (1) ADJECTIVE
Someone who is bright is quick at learning or noticing things.
brainy
My brother’s really brainy. He wants to go to university.
clever
“If you’re clever, you’ll put the watch together again,” said Jessie.
intelligent
Guide dogs have to be very intelligent.
sharp
“You’re very sharp,” said the old lady, “but you still haven’t solved the puzzle.”
smart
Some people think squirrels are smart, but they often can’t find nuts they’ve buried.
bright (2) ADJECTIVE
Bright lights and colours are strong and startling.
brilliant
Parrots’ brilliant colours make them easy to see.
colourful
The magician produced a colourful string of knotted scarves.
dazzling
They shaded their eyes against his dazzling white shirt.
glaring
Glaring headlights blinded Dad and he had to stop the car.
glowing
The bonfire was glowing in the dark.
bright (3) ADJECTIVE
Someone who is bright is cheerful and lively.
cheerful
I like Alex. He’s always so cheerful and jolly in class.
lively
Kamal felt lively and refreshed when he woke up.
bring VERB
If you bring something or someone, you have them with you when you arrive.
carry
He arrived carrying presents for everyone.
guide
You’ll need someone to guide you back if it’s dark.
lead
Firemen often have to lead people out of burning buildings.
take
Taxis were used to take guests to the wedding reception.
build VERB
If you build something, you make it by joining things together.
create
Dad created a wonderful tree house for us.
make
The children made an igloo with small blocks of snow.
put up
We put up a fence round the guinea pigs to keep them safe.
building NOUN
A building is a place, such as a house, that has walls and a roof.
BUILDINGS TO LIVE IN:
apartment
bungalow
castle
cottage
detached house
flat
semi-detached house
terraced house
BUILDINGS TO WORK IN:
factory
fire station
garage
hospital
laboratory
library
lighthouse
police station
shop
skyscraper
studio
windmill
BUILDINGS TO WORSHIP IN:
cathedral
chapel
church
mosque
synagogue
temple
bully VERB
Someone who bullies people hurts or frightens them.
frighten
The witch frightened him into helping her gather mushrooms.
threaten
One of the big boys threatened us.
torment
Stop tormenting your little sister.
bump NOUN
A bump is a raised, uneven part on a surface.
bulge
A bag of sweets made a bulge in his jacket pocket.
hump
There are humps here to slow down traffic.
lump
Our old mattress is full of lumps.
swelling
Chloe had a nasty swelling on her finger.
bump into VERB
If you bump into something, you hit it while you are moving.
bang into
The brakes on his bike failed and he banged into the fence.
collide with
In the dark our car collided with a tree.
hit
He ran into the road without looking and hit a cyclist.
strike
She struck a litter bin when she lost control of her skateboard.
bunch NOUN
A bunch is a group of things together, like flowers or grapes.
bouquet
The bride carried a bouquet of roses.
posy
Emma gave her mum a lovely posy of bright flowers.
spray
Sprays of holly brightened the hall.
bundle NOUN
A bundle is a number of small things gathered together.
batch
The first batch of letters arrived the next day.
collection
We put a collection of newspapers out for recycling.
heap
On the table was a heap of clothes for the charity shop.
pile
A pile of dirty washing was waiting to go to the launderette.
burn VERB
If something is burning, it is on fire.
blaze
A bonfire blazed in the garden.
flame
The fire began to flame green as it caught the ink.
flare
Suddenly a match flared in the darkness.
flicker
He blew gently on the spark and the fire began to flicker.
burst VERB
When something like a balloon or tyre bursts, it splits apart suddenly.
explode
One of the bottles exploded in the heat.
pop
The baby laughed with delight when the bubbles popped.
puncture
A nail punctured one of my tyres.
Cc (#ulink_1dc84c33-c603-5983-9525-216244a1b1a0)
call (1) VERB
If you call, you phone or visit someone.
phone
I’ll phone you as soon as I get there.
ring
Give me a ring one day next week.
visit
Grandpa wants us to visit tomorrow.
call (2) VERB
If you call someone, you shout for them.
cry
“Where are you hiding?” she cried.
cry out
Rashid cried out in delight when he saw the otter.
shout
“Come on Ben. You’ll be late for school,” Mum shouted.
yell
“Come on in!” Tracy yelled. “The water is great!”
calm (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is calm, it is still and peaceful.
peaceful
Everything seemed peaceful in the church.
still
That afternoon the breeze had dropped and the air was still.
calm (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are calm, you do not seem worried or excited.
cool
She was surprisingly cool about the exciting news.
quiet
The children were very quiet until they saw the mouse.
car NOUN
A car is a road vehicle with wheels and an engine. It needs a driver and usually has room for passengers.
KINDS OF CARS:
convertible
estate
four-wheel drive
hatchback
limousine
minicab
people carrier
racing car
saloon
sports car
taxi
vintage car
care VERB
If you care about something, you are concerned about it.
be bothered
I am bothered about missing my swimming lessons.
be concerned
My brother is concerned about the world’s endangered wildlife.
mind
Gavin said he didn’t mind who won the game of chess.
careful (1) ADJECTIVE
If you are careful, you try to do things well.
accurate
The soldier had to be accurate. He had only one chance to hit the target.
thorough
We made a thorough search of the room.
careful (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are careful, you try to do things safely.
alert
In Australia there is a danger of bush fires, and people have to be alert.
cautious
The lifeguard taught them to be cautious around the pool.
wary
Joe was wary of the elephant - it was very large.
watchful
With a toddler, you have to be watchful all the time.
careless (1) ADJECTIVE
If you are careless, you do not take enough care.
messy
My little sister is a messy eater.
sloppy
Her knitting was sloppy, with dropped stitches everywhere.
untidy
The professor was untidy. Now he couldn’t find his papers.
careless (2) ADJECTIVE
Careless can also mean not being sensible about things.
reckless
Sam took a reckless leap over the river.
thoughtless
Only thoughtless people went out in the storm without a jacket.
carry VERB
When you carry something, you pick it up and take it with you.
move
He moved the plant over to the window.
take
We’d better take an umbrella.
transport
We need a van to transport our furniture.
catch (1) VERB
If you catch something, like measles, you get that illness.
come down with
“Stay away from me or you’ll come down with chickenpox too,” said Beth.
get
I don’t want to get this cold.
go down with
It’s just like Ross to go down with something at the wrong moment.
catch (2) VERB
If you catch somebody or something, you capture them.
arrest
The police want to arrest a man they suspect of burglary.
capture
Prison guards set a trap to capture the escaped prisoner.
trap
“Trap that spider,” said Granny, “then put it outside.”
change (1) VERB
When you change something, it becomes different.
alter
The tailor said he could soon alter the length of the trouser legs.
modify
Let’s modify the plan. We’ll go this afternoon instead.
reorganize
“Oh no!” cried Mrs Jones. “I’m going to have to reorganize everything.”
revise
The teacher said my story was good, but I should revise the ending.
change (2) VERB
When something changes, it becomes different.
develop
Caterpillars develop into moths or butterflies.
shift
The wind shifted to the west.
turn
Tadpoles soon turn into frogs.
change (3) VERB
If you change something, you replace it with something else.
exchange
“Can I exchange this blue shirt for a green one?” asked the customer.
swap
Henry wanted to swap his pop music CD for one of Rosie’s.
switch
I didn’t see him switch his old pen for my new one.
chase VERB
If you chase someone, you try to catch them.
follow
The boys followed the man they suspected of stealing a bike.
hunt
Our cat was out all night, hunting mice and rats.
pursue
Police pursued the speeding car for miles along the motorway.
trail
It was easy to trail the robber by following his footprints in the snow.
check VERB
If you check something, you make sure it is correct and safe.
examine
The witch frowned and examined the contents of the cauldron.
inspect
The mechanic inspected the car’s brakes.
make sure
Before we set off, I made sure we’d remembered everything.
test
He tested the ground in case it was boggy.
choose VERB
When you choose, you decide what to have or do.
elect
They quickly elected a new leader.
name
Each one named the person they wanted.
pick
He picked the biggest cake he could find.
select
They were told to select a book and read for the rest of the lesson.
take
We took the shortest way.
clean (1) VERB
If you clean something, you remove dirt from it.
DIFFERENT WAYS OF CLEANING:
bathe
brush
dust
mop up
polish
rinse
scour
scrub
shampoo
sponge
sweep
vacuum
wash
wipe
clean (2) ADJECTIVE
If something is clean, it is free from dirt.
blank
She took a blank sheet and began to write.
sparkling
Penelope polished the glasses until they were sparkling.
spotless
The floor was spotless by the time they’d finished mopping it.
clear (1) ADJECTIVE
If something you say or write is clear, it is easy to understand.
evident
It was evident she didn’t like me.
obvious
It was obvious from the first sentence that this was a sad book.
plain
“I’ll make my idea plain, in words of one syllable,” his brother said.
simple
The instructions were really simple and easy to follow.
clear (2) ADJECTIVE
On a clear day there are no clouds in the sky.
bright
On a bright day there are strong shadows on the ground.
cloudless
After the storm the sun shone brightly in the cloudless sky.
fine
“If the weather’s fine we’ll go to the beach tomorrow,” said Dad.
sunny
It was sunny one minute and raining heavily the next.
clear (3) ADJECTIVE
If a space is clear, there is nothing in it or it is free from things you don’t want.
bare
The room was bare when we got it ready for decorating.
empty
For once, the car park was empty and Mum could park close to the shops.
clever ADJECTIVE
Someone who is clever can learn and understand things easily.
brainy
Matt is really brainy. He gets top marks for everything.
bright
The baby’s very bright. She’s saying lots of words already.
crafty
A crafty old fox sneaked into the kitchen and stole the sausages.
cunning
She disguised her scar with a cunning use of make-up.
gifted
Kamal is a gifted writer.
intelligent
Our cat’s quite intelligent. It understands ten words.
inventive
Matt was really inventive when it came to making up excuses.
sharp
That old man is still as sharp as ever.
skilful
Finches are skilful at getting the shells off sunflower seeds.
talented
He was a talented musician who could play any instrument well.
climb VERB
When you climb something, you move upwards.
ascend
The lift ascended so rapidly it took their breath away.
clamber
They clambered up the steep hill, clutching at bushes.
shin up
They shinned up the tree and looked at the view.
clothes PLURAL NOUN
Clothes are the things people wear, such as shirts, trousers and dresses.
clothing
You’ll need warm clothing if you want to watch the fireworks.
costume
The actors in the film wore wonderful bright costumes.
dress
We were asked to wear informal dress to the dance.
garments
The charity shop is always glad of garments we no longer need.
gear
Sebastian had to have all the right gear for skateboarding.
outfit
Mum said her new outfit would be perfect for the wedding.
wardrobe
A famous designer planned the wardrobe for the musical.
wear
The shop sold everything you could want in the way of outdoor wear.
cold ADJECTIVE
If the weather is cold, the temperature outside is low.
WORDS THAT DESCRIBE THE COLD:
arctic
biting
bitter
chilly
cool
freezing
frosty
frozen
icy
raw
wintry
collect VERB
If you collect a number of things, you bring them together.
assemble
They assembled lots of food for the midnight feast.
gather
We went out to gather blackberries from a field near our house.
hoard
David hoarded empty glass bottles for his display.
raise
The school is trying to raise money for Children in Need.
save
We have been asked to save used stamps for a school project.
collection NOUN
A collection is a group of things brought together over a period of time.
assortment
The bathroom shelf is full of an assortment of shampoo bottles.
heap
Now and again, Dad adds another book to the heap.
mass
Dan worked his way through a mass of clothes to find his jeans.
pile
There was a pile of smelly old trainers in the corner.
set
“One more card and I’ll have a complete set,” said Raymond.
colour NOUN
The colour of something is the way it looks in daylight.
shade
The walls were painted in different shades.
tint
The autumn leaves were taking on a warm red tint.
DIFFERENT COLOURS:
black
blue
navy
sky blue
turquoise
brown
chocolate
coffee
fawn
green
bottle-green
lime
orange
tan
pink
rose
purple
lavender
lilac
mauve
red
crimson
scarlet
vermilion
white
cream
ivory
yellow
amber
gold
come VERB
To come to a place is to move there or arrive there.
appear
We all giggled when the magician’s rabbit appeared on stage.
approach
The guard dog growled loudly when the stranger approached.
arrive
The train arrived, and Grandma got out.
draw near
As they drew near to the castle, the great door opened.
show up
Most of the acts were good, but the conjuror didn’t show up.
turn up
“Don’t worry about us. We’ll turn up later,” said Ted.
visit
The Mayor is going to visit this afternoon.
ANTONYM: go
comfortable (1) ADJECTIVE
Something comfortable makes you feel relaxed and snug.
cosy
My room’s warm and cosy in winter, even when it’s freezing outside.
snug
Jamil felt snug tucked up in bed.
soft
Charlotte snuggled into the soft pillow and fell asleep straight away.
comfortable (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are comfortable, you feel at ease.
contented
The cat looked contented stretching out beside the fire.
happy
He was happy in his new room.
relaxed
Rebecca felt relaxed in the company of her friends.
ANTONYM: uncomfortable
common ADJECTIVE
If something is common, you often see it or it often happens.
average
It’s average behaviour for a boy of his age.
everyday
Children feeding ducks on the pond is an everyday sight in this park.
standard
Power steering is standard in many cars that are made today.
usual
It is quite usual to see dogs and cats getting on well together.
competition NOUN
A competition is an event to see who is best at doing something.
championship
Our school is taking part in the junior swimming championship.
contest
There was a fierce contest between the red and blue teams.
game
Supporters cheered when their team won the game.
race
Attilio was by far the fastest runner and easily won the race.
tournament
My brother is through to the finals of the table-tennis tournament.
complete (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is complete, there is nothing missing.
entire
I’ve got the entire set of famous people in my album.
full
The teacher wanted a full report of the science experiment.
whole
Amy recited the whole poem without a single mistake.
complete (2) VERB
If you complete something, you finish it.
conclude
The head teacher concluded his lecture with a warning about litter.
do
Have you done your homework?
end
Simon ended his talk by asking if there were any questions.
finish
Charles couldn’t think how to finish his story.
conversation NOUN
If you have a conversation with someone, you talk to each other.
chat
My mum likes to have a chat with friends over a cup of coffee.
discussion
There was a long discussion about which class Sheena should be put in.
gossip
The opening of the new school provided plenty of gossip.
talk
“I think we should have a talk about this,” said his teacher.
cook VERB
When you cook food, you prepare it for eating by heating it.
WAYS OF COOKING:
bake
barbecue
boil
fry
grill
microwave
poach
roast
steam
stew
stir-fry
toast
copy (1) NOUN
A copy is something made to look like something else.
fake
The police say that painting is a fake.
forgery
He thought the man gave him a twenty-pound note, but it was a forgery.
imitation
Those jewels are only imitations. They’re made of glass.
photocopy
“Can you give me a photocopy of that page?” asked Domenica.
print
It’s not an original painting. It’s a print.
replica
Manuel bought a plastic replica of the Eiffel Tower.
copy (2) VERB
If you copy what someone does, you do the same thing.
follow
“You must follow my movements exactly,” said the dance teacher.
imitate
She can imitate her mum’s voice.
impersonate
Frank is really good at impersonating famous people.
mimic
Ben can mimic the sounds animals make.
mirror
We carefully mirrored the movements of the karate teacher.
trace
Kim carefully traced the outline of the country into her book.
correct ADJECTIVE
Something that is correct is true and has no mistakes.
accurate
Make sure that your measurements are accurate, or the pieces will not fit together.
exact
It’s no good guessing the amount of flour you need, it must be exact.
precise
“It’s very important that the details you give are precise,” said the policeman.
right
In the test, all his answers were right.
true
“Your report may be exciting,” said her teacher, “but is it true?”
cosy ADJECTIVE
A house or room that is cosy is comfortable and warm and not too big.
comfortable
It was a comfortable room with lots of deep armchairs and thick rugs.
snug
We love our house because it’s so snug.
warm
The fire sent out a warm, welcoming glow.
count VERB
If you count a number of things, you find out how many there are.
add up
She added up her pocket money to see if there was enough to go to the cinema.
calculate
Patrick calculated the number of hours he had spent doing his homework.
tally
The whole class stayed to tally the votes for the football captain.
work out
Work out how much you’ve got, and how much more you need to buy this bike.
cover VERB
If you cover something, you put something else over it to protect or hide it.
cloak
Mist cloaked the mountain top, making it too dangerous to climb.
conceal
The boy concealed his work with his hand.
hide
During winter a blanket of snow hid the lawn and flowerbeds.
mask
Edmund masked his feeling of dismay with a smile.
crack NOUN
A crack is a line or gap on something that shows it is damaged.
crevice
Many spiders lurked in crevices in the old stone wall.
gap
They had to watch the game through a gap in the fence.
split
One of the pieces of wood had a large split at the end.
crash NOUN
A crash is a sudden loud noise like something breaking.
clash
Fabian brought the cymbals together with a clash.
clatter
The metal tray dropped to the ground with a clatter.
smash
There was a smash as the stereo hit the floor.
crime NOUN
A crime is something that is against the law of a country.
KINDS OF CRIMES:
arson
burglary
graffiti
hijacking
joyriding
mugging
murder
piracy
robbery
shoplifting
smuggling
stealing
terrorism
theft
vandalism
criminal NOUN
A criminal is someone who has done something that is against the law.
KINDS OF CRIMINALS:
arsonist
burglar
graffitist
hijacker
joyrider
mugger
murderer
pirate
robber
shoplifter
smuggler
terrorist
thief
vandal
crooked ADJECTIVE
Something that is crooked is bent or twisted.
bent
Shadha complained she couldn’t get any juice through the bent straw, so the waiter got her another.
twisting
A twisting path led through the woods to the cottage.
warped
The wood was so warped they couldn’t use it for anything but firewood.
cross ADJECTIVE
Someone who is cross is angry about something.
angry
Adrian was so angry he could hardly speak to her.
annoyed
Grandpa was annoyed when he found slugs had eaten his lettuces.
grumpy
Steven felt grumpy about not being well enough to go out.
irritable
Flies pestered the pony and made him very irritable.
cruel ADJECTIVE
Someone who is cruel hurts people or animals without caring.
brutal
The police said it was a brutal murder.
cold-hearted
The kidnapper was cold-hearted and ignored their pleas.
heartless
A heartless burglar smashed my grandma’s favourite vase.
vicious
The burglar aimed a vicious kick at the guard dog.
ANTONYM: kind
crush VERB
To crush something is to destroy its shape by squeezing it.
flatten
They flattened the soft drink cans before recycling them.
screw up
Tibbles screwed up Mum’s jacket when she slept on it.
squash
I dropped the shopping bag and squashed the tomatoes.
cry (1) VERB
To cry means to call out loudly.
call
He called, “Anybody there?”
shout
“I can’t hear you,” she shouted.
shriek
“Oh no!” shrieked Libby. “My new jeans have shrunk.”
yell
Debbie had to yell above the din in the school playground.
cry (2) VERB
When you cry, tears come from your eyes and trickle down your face.
grizzle
The baby grizzles when he’s hungry.
howl
My sister howled when her gerbil died.
snivel
“It’s no good snivelling,” said the ugly sisters. “You’re not going to the ball.”
sob
Tommy sobbed when he dropped his ice cream.
wail
“I wanted to go to the pantomime!” wailed Roly.
weep
Lara wept as she waved goodbye.
whimper
The puppy whimpered when Abdul went off to school.
cut (1) VERB
If you cut something, you use a knife or scissors to remove parts of it.
carve
Nicholas carved the wood into the shape of a cat.
chop
The cook chopped an onion and carrot into small pieces.
clip
Katherine clipped out an advertisement from the newspaper.
mow
Grandpa loves mowing his lawn to keep it neat and tidy.
prune
Rose bushes need pruning in spring.
saw
The gardener sawed up some wood to make a nesting box.
slice
Mrs Cratchit always sliced the bread too thinly.
snip
The hairdresser snipped off my long hair.
trim
The barber carefully trimmed the wizard’s long beard.
cut (2) VERB
To cut can mean to reduce something.
lower
The supermarket is lowering a lot of its prices this week.
reduce
The government is trying to reduce the amount of traffic on the roads.
Dd (#ulink_6b680646-90ce-5f41-b399-3faa921303bc)
damage VERB
To damage something means to harm or spoil it.
break
My little sister has broken her doll already.
chip
Melanie was furious when she chipped her nail varnish.
dent
A gatepost got in the way and dented Dad’s bumper.
destroy
An unexpected storm destroyed their beach hut.
ruin
“You’ve ruined my painting!” David screamed angrily.
scratch
Natalie’s bike was scratched when it fell in the holly bush.
spoil
The baby knocked over a cup and spoiled my homework.
vandalize
Someone has vandalized the phone box on the corner of our street.
wreck
Rocks often wreck boats that come too close to shore.
dance VERB
When you dance, you move your body in time to music.
SOME KINDS OF DANCING:
ballet dancing
ballroom dancing:
foxtrot
quickstep
tango
waltz
break dancing
disco dancing
folk dancing
Highland dancing
Irish dancing
line dancing
salsa
square dancing
tap dancing
dangerous ADJECTIVE
If something is dangerous, it is likely to harm you.
alarming
Rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate.
deadly
The bite of some snakes can be deadly.
harmful
Medicines can be harmful if taken by the wrong person.
menacing
The captain waved his hook at Peter in a menacing fashion.
risky
They decided the adventure was getting too risky.
treacherous
Road conditions were treacherous in the thick fog.
unsafe
The bridge was rotten and unsafe to cross.
ANTONYM: safe
dark ADJECTIVE
When it is dark, there is not enough light to see properly.
black
The night was black and stormy.
dim
They could hardly see in the dim hallway.
gloomy
Rooms in the old castle were damp and gloomy.
murky
The submarine moved slowly in the murky depths of the ocean.
shadowy
A shadowy figure emerged from the misty woods.
unlit
It looked as if no one was home as all the rooms were unlit.
delicious ADJECTIVE
Food that is delicious tastes or smells very nice.
mouthwatering
At the village fair, the smell of frying onions was mouthwatering.
scrumptious INFORMAL
When we got home from school, Mum made us a scrumptious apple pie.
tasty
Andrew enjoyed a tasty snack on his way home from football training.
ANTONYM: horrible
demonstrate (1) VERB
If someone demonstrates something, they show you how to do it.
explain
Jamie explained how to separate the yolks and whites of eggs.
illustrate
Our music teacher illustrated how to play the violin.
demonstrate (2) VERB
If people demonstrate, they hold a public meeting or march to show they are strongly for or against something.
march
Sometimes thousands of people march in the capital to make their feelings known to the government.
protest
When people protest, they often meet to carry banners and shout slogans.
deserted ADJECTIVE
If a place is deserted, there are no people there.
abandoned
In the middle of the wood, the boys came upon an abandoned cottage.
empty
They saw a farmhouse and ran towards it to ask for water, but it was empty.
destroy VERB
To destroy something means to damage it so much it cannot be mended.
crush
The cottages were crushed under the feet of the angry giant.
damage
A tree fell in the storm and damaged our garden shed.
demolish
Builders demolished an empty house to make space for a new theatre.
ruin
People complained that the new building ruined their view.
smash
The jetty was smashed when a motorboat went out of control.
wreck
Many ships used to be wrecked on rocks around the coast before lighthouses were built to signal warnings.
different (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is different from something else is not like it in one or more ways.
assorted
I like boxes of assorted biscuits best.
changed
He seemed changed somehow. Perhaps it was the short hair.
mixed
Alex had mixed feelings about going up a grade at school.
opposite
Mum’s quite opposite to me. She likes my room to be tidy and I like it to be a mess.
various
He had various excuses for being late.
different (2) ADJECTIVE
Something different is unusual and out of the ordinary.
bizarre
Have you seen Polly’s new hairstyle? It’s really bizarre!
extraordinary
The magician at the party performed some extraordinary tricks.
peculiar
There was something peculiar about the expression on his face.
special
I wanted to do something special for my seventh birthday.
unusual
The baby had an unusual cry.
➔ something else
dig VERB
When people or animals dig, they break up a surface.
burrow
Rabbits keep burrowing holes in the vegetable patch.
excavate
Archeologists are excavating at an ancient burial site.
hollow
Hollow out the centre of the pumpkin and cut teeth and eyeholes in the skin.
quarry
Marble has been quarried in Italy for many centuries.
scoop
Libby scooped out some ice cream from the tub.
tunnel
Some prisoners of war tunnelled their way out of the camp.
dirty ADJECTIVE
Something that is dirty is marked or covered with mud or stains.
filthy
“Your hands are filthy,” said Dad. “Go and wash them.”
foul
The pigsty was foul with droppings, old straw and mud.
greasy
“I hate washing up greasy dishes,” complained Simon.
grimy
Driving in the open-top car was great fun, but it made their faces pretty grimy.
grubby
He scrubbed at his knees with a grubby old tissue.
messy
Cleaning out the hamster is a messy job.
muddy
He came in from football with muddy shorts and boots.
polluted
The city air is polluted with vehicle fumes.
stained
Their clothes and mouths were stained with blackberry juice.
untidy
Litter blew around the park and made it look untidy.
discover VERB
When you discover something, you find it or find out about it.
find
My brother has found a good way to train the new puppy.
uncover
Mehmet lifted some papers and uncovered a book he’d thought was lost.
unearth
Kylie was digging a hole in the garden and unearthed an old pot.
ANTONYM: hide
disguise VERB
If you disguise something, you change it so that people do not recognize it.
camouflage
The army camouflages tanks to hide them from aircraft.
conceal
She tried to conceal the spot on her chin.
cover
He covered his hair with a black wig.
dress up
Murray dressed up as his father for the party.
mask
Dark sunglasses masked the expression in his eyes.
disturb (1) VERB
If you disturb someone, you interrupt them or spoil their peace and quiet.
bother
Don’t bother me now, I’m busy.
hassle INFORMAL
“Quit hassling me, will you?” yelled my older sister.
interrupt
We’re not allowed to interrupt Dad when he’s working.
pester
Thomas pestered his brother in the library.
trouble
I don’t want to trouble her now. She’s watching her favourite programme.
disturb (2) VERB
If something disturbs you, it upsets or worries you.
alarm
I don’t want to alarm you, but I think we should leave.
distress
The violence in the film distressed him.
frighten
The mouse was frightened when the cat sat by the cage.
upset
The noise upset the baby.
worry
Don’t tell Grandma about the problem. It’ll only worry her.
do (1) VERB
If you do something, you get on and finish it.
arrange
Dad is going to arrange everything.
carry out
The mechanic said he would carry out the repairs while we waited.
complete
“We should complete the work before the end of the week,” said the builder.
cope with
Rachel’s not sure she can cope with the decorations on her own.
finish
“You’ll have to finish your homework before you go swimming,” said Mum.
learn
What are you learning at the moment?
perform
Watch the clown perform his amazing juggling act.
do (2) VERB
If you say that something will do, you mean it is good enough.
be enough
I wonder if half a page about my holidays will be enough?
be sufficient
I really hope this food will be sufficient for six people.
be suitable
Mum wanted to know if jeans would be suitable for the parents’ evening.
work
They thought string might work as they didn’t have any tape.
drag VERB
If you drag a heavy object, you pull it along the ground.
draw
The horse plodded on, drawing the heavy cart behind it.
haul
Fishermen hauled in their nets and found they had a large catch.
pull
Indigo pulled her friend from the river and rang for an ambulance.
tow
The farmer used a tractor to tow anything heavy around the farm.
tug
The boys tugged the sack of grain across the barn floor.
draw (1) VERB
When you draw, you use something like a pencil or crayon to make a picture or a pattern.
doodle
Holly doodled in her notebook as she listened to the teacher.
paint
I wanted to paint some pictures while I was on holiday.
sketch
The artist sat by the lake sketching the view.
trace
For homework we had to trace the outline of a map and fill in the rivers.
draw (2) NOUN
A draw is the result in a game or competition in which nobody wins.
dead heat
The result of the 100 metres sprint was a dead heat.
tie
Floella had hoped to win the competition, but there was a tie for first place.
draw (3) VERB
If something draws you, it is so interesting that you move towards it.
attract
A skydiving display attracted large crowds to the event.
bring in
We are hoping the advertising will bring in plenty of people.
entice
We were enticed into the shop by the display of cakes in the window.
lure
The witch lured the children into her house with promises of sweets.
pull in
The new programme has pulled in a lot of young viewers.
dreadful ADJECTIVE
Something that is dreadful is very bad or unpleasant.
alarming
Our test results were pretty alarming.
awful
I was off school with an awful cold.
dire
The teacher issued dire warnings about the standard of our homework.
frightening
The force of the thunder storm was frightening.
frightful
After the Halloween party the house was in a frightful mess.
ghastly
A ghastly wail echoed round the castle.
horrible
The jumper I got for my birthday was a horrible yellow colour.
dream NOUN
A dream is something you want very much.
ambition
It’s Michael’s ambition to be a pilot.
daydream
My favourite daydream is being interviewed on TV about my book.
fantasy
Chelsea has this fantasy about being a famous model.
➔ vision
drink VERB
When you drink, you take liquid into your mouth and swallow it.
gulp
Boris was so thirsty he gulped down all his lemonade.
guzzle
“Don’t guzzle like that. Drink it slowly,” said Granny.
lap
Tigger lapped up the milk Simon put down for him.
sip
Julia sipped the hot tea carefully.
slurp
Augustus greedily slurped the chocolate milk shake.
swallow
She swallowed the medicine without tasting it.
swig
They swigged cola from the bottle.
DIFFERENT THINGS TO DRINK:
cold drinks
cola
fizz
fruit juice
lemonade
milk
milk shake
smoothie
squash
soya milk
water
hot drinks
cocoa
coffee
hot chocolate
hot milk
malted milk
tea
drive VERB
To drive means to make something or somebody go.
control
Sharon controlled her car skilfully on the sandy beach.
force
The cruel baron forced the villagers from their cottages.
push
People at the front of the crowd were pushed forward.
send
Tom sent the ball over the fence.
steer
Rashid steered the go-kart into the side of the track.
urge
The knight urged his horse to a full gallop.
dry ADJECTIVE
Something that is dry has no water in it at all.
arid
Large areas of Mexico are arid desert.
barren
No crops could grow on the barren land.
parched
The garden was parched and all the seedlings died.
dull (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is dull is not interesting.
boring
It was the most boring action film they’d ever seen.
dreary
I spent a dreary morning being dragged round the shops.
tedious
John found his cousin’s story tedious.
dull (2) ADJECTIVE
Something that is dull is not bright or clear.
cloudy
The day was so cloudy we thought it might rain at any moment.
dismal
A most surprising thing happened on that dismal wintry afternoon.
drab
She wore a drab grey dress and grimy brown shoes.
gloomy
It was difficult to see the ogre in the gloomy light of the cave.
grey
The clouds in the sky were a dark grey colour when the thunder storm started.
miserable
I like playing board games on miserable, rainy days.
ANTONYM: bright
Ee (#ulink_23242ea0-0ba2-5914-adbd-d5e843b4279f)
eager ADJECTIVE
If you are eager, you very much want to do or have something.
enthusiastic
There were plenty of enthusiastic volunteers to help plan the school garden.
impatient
Mark was impatient to get back to school after the holidays.
keen
Brownie was keen to enter the competition at the dog show.
longing
Rachel was longing to see her newborn baby brother.
easy ADJECTIVE
Something that is easy can be done without difficulty.
clear
The way the teacher showed us made everything clear.
obvious
The answer to the problem was obvious. I gave Tom some of my ice cream and he stopped crying.
plain
It was plain to see he didn’t like spiders.
simple
“Shelling the peas shouldn’t take you long,” said Mum. “It’s a simple job.”
ANTONYM: difficult
eat VERB
When you eat, you chew and swallow food.
bite
“Bite the jammy bit of the doughnut first,” said Isaac.
chew
Cows chew the grass thoughtfully.
devour
They devour the sandwiches as fast as she makes them.
gnaw
Boggart happily lay down in the garden and gnawed his bone.
gobble
Mum told them to stop gobbling sweets.
graze
Sheep graze in the meadow until the farmer brings them in for the night.
have a meal
“We have a meal together every evening,” said Mum.
munch
The horse likes to munch apples, carrots and oats.
nibble
Kylie nibbles her food like a mouse.
peck
Pigeons peck seeds and breadcrumbs thrown by the tourists.
swallow
Arthur was too busy talking to swallow his food properly.
edge NOUN
An edge is the end or side of something.
border
Her wallpaper had a border with animals on it.
boundary
The farmer planted a hedge along the boundary of his land.
brim
He filled his glass up to the brim.
margin
There were holes in the margin of the paper to fit the folder.
rim
They stood at the rim of the crater and gazed down into the depths.
effort NOUN
Effort is the energy needed to do something.
energy
It took a huge amount of energy to climb to the top of the hill.
force
With great force, the giant pushed a boulder from the mouth of the cave.
struggle
The boys found it a struggle to drag the heavy sack.
work
“They have put a lot of work into this project,” said the teacher.
empty (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is empty has no people or things in it.
bare
John’s room was bare apart from a few packing cases.
blank
Hasan stared at the blank pages of his old diary.
clear
The road was clear and we arrived in record time.
deserted
We knocked on the door, but the place was completely deserted.
unoccupied
The house had been unoccupied for years.
vacant
We had a job to find a vacant field for our picnic.
ANTONYM: full
empty (2) VERB
If you empty a container, you pour or take everything out of it.
clear out
Dad started to clear out the shed today.
drain
There was a hole in his bucket and the water drained out.
unload
The children helped unload the car when they got home.
ANTONYM: fill
encourage (1) VERB
Конец ознакомительного фрагмента.
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Collins Dictionaries
Collins Junior Illustrated Thesaurus is a clear, easy-to-use thesaurus that provides support for children’s creative writing and helps build vocabulary, with full definitions for every synonym and sample sentences for each word.A simple, step-by-step introduction shows children how to get the best out of their thesaurus, while the colour headwords and clear layout make it easy to find the right word. Colourful illustrations and images throughout help children remember words and definitions.
Contents
Cover (#ud7ea011e-31cf-5663-8d7b-2fd3cfb8d047)
Title Page (#u7a0f4fac-49ae-59da-8d43-14bf99cfcff9)
Using this thesaurus (#ulink_1a8cb20e-6d97-53be-bc1c-6148358eb9ac)
Aa (#ulink_7b10906d-7ce6-5a2b-92e8-76c48f91ecef)
Bb (#ulink_ce923214-9736-5199-82fb-0925474fcd1d)
Cc (#ulink_f85f74f6-8cd0-50a9-bf6a-b00342b6e12e)
Dd (#ulink_0bb6623f-f4af-572c-96d6-90a05fabec30)
Ee (#ulink_1705a02c-e390-5e98-85ca-95077609fef9)
Ff (#litres_trial_promo)
Gg (#litres_trial_promo)
Hh (#litres_trial_promo)
Ii (#litres_trial_promo)
Jj (#litres_trial_promo)
Kk (#litres_trial_promo)
Ll (#litres_trial_promo)
Mm (#litres_trial_promo)
Nn (#litres_trial_promo)
Oo (#litres_trial_promo)
Pp (#litres_trial_promo)
Qq (#litres_trial_promo)
Rr (#litres_trial_promo)
Ss (#litres_trial_promo)
Tt (#litres_trial_promo)
Uu (#litres_trial_promo)
Vv (#litres_trial_promo)
Ww (#litres_trial_promo)
Xx (#litres_trial_promo)
Yy (#litres_trial_promo)
Zz (#litres_trial_promo)
Word list pages
Amphibians (#ulink_375d31ad-e1df-5126-8e9b-ea0bd623636e)
Animals (#ulink_06b97e84-6722-510e-ad2b-3d177897df0d)
Birds (#ulink_025426dc-1604-5436-9d98-8cb74a7ec991)
Body (#ulink_99df768e-4788-5fe3-a9a9-13c6d26f5305)
Books (#ulink_2d9b0b07-79da-54e8-a867-f3c728275451)
Buildings (#ulink_24d402de-e9c0-5784-a7af-e62d9aaf83b0)
Cars (#ulink_769efa66-4842-5bd3-9c56-cf6509666a08)
Clean (#ulink_01bf07b3-bc57-54b8-8058-f491fadbbcf7)
Cold (#ulink_7cd46668-21a6-53da-a2f8-ee984557fe20)
Colours (#ulink_075ce089-eaa9-512e-8bb6-6ba518517664)
Cooking (#ulink_54c9c0a9-4e32-5bb4-af8f-acc3f0f4932d)
Crimes (#ulink_11e7004b-fa44-54e1-be3f-e256448240eb)
Criminals (#ulink_75b79f2a-d6d1-57d2-b2a0-742918c5b9d3)
Dance (#ulink_2d55a692-c312-5163-9604-36838b9cc828)
Drinks (#ulink_114fff48-6db7-50c4-ade2-949ec39a2b58)
Flowers (#litres_trial_promo)
Fruit (#litres_trial_promo)
Groups (#litres_trial_promo)
Insects (#litres_trial_promo)
Jobs (#litres_trial_promo)
Magic (#litres_trial_promo)
Mammals (#litres_trial_promo)
Music (#litres_trial_promo)
Pictures (#litres_trial_promo)
Poetry (#litres_trial_promo)
Reptiles (#litres_trial_promo)
Shapes (#litres_trial_promo)
Sounds (#litres_trial_promo)
Space (#litres_trial_promo)
Sports (#litres_trial_promo)
Stories (#litres_trial_promo)
Time (#litres_trial_promo)
Trees (#litres_trial_promo)
Vegetables (#litres_trial_promo)
Water (#litres_trial_promo)
Weather (#litres_trial_promo)
Young animals (#litres_trial_promo)
Index (#litres_trial_promo)
Picture Credits (#litres_trial_promo)
Copyright (#litres_trial_promo)
About the Publisher (#litres_trial_promo)
Using this thesaurus (#ulink_628d5f98-c1e4-51e3-ae77-9c3cd239ce50)
A thesaurus helps you choose exactly the right word to make your writing more interesting. In your writing, do you find you use words like good, bad and nice too often? A thesaurus will help you find other words with the same meaning.
How to find a word
If you want to find a different way of saying a word, think of its first letter. Once you know this, there is more than one way to find your word in the thesaurus:
• You can use the Index (#litres_trial_promo) at the back of the ebook which lists all of the thesaurus words in alphabetical order. Scroll through the Index until you find the letter your word begins with, then look down the words until you find the one you are looking for. You can then follow the link to the entry in the thesaurus.
• You can use the Contents (#u6bf386da-a27e-53ad-8b3c-a380bbbd3234) page at the front of the book, which has a link to every letter in the thesaurus. Follow the link to the letter your word begins with, then look through the entries in this letter until you find the word you are looking for. The entries are in alphabetical order.
Once you have found your word in the thesaurus, you can choose the synonym that suits your writing. A synonym is a word or phrase that has a similar meaning to the headword. Read the example sentences to understand how each synonym can be used.
Choosing the right synonym
1. The headword is the word that you want to find a synonym for.
2. Some headwords also have a number in brackets. This tells you that this headword can have different meanings.
3. Next you will see the part of speech. This tells you what type of word the headword is, such as a noun, verb, adjective, adverb or pronoun. If the word you want to find is a verb, make sure the headword you look at is also a verb.
4. Underneath the headword, you will find the definition. The definition tells you what the headword means.
5. The synonyms are listed below the definition of each headword. Synonyms have similar meanings to the headword.
6. Every synonym in the Collins Junior Thesaurus has an example sentence. This shows you how the word might be used in speech or writing.
7. Some headwords and synonyms have an illustration or photo to help you read the word and understand its meaning.
Other features of this thesaurus
This arrow ➔ points to a booster. Boosters are lively words and phrases that can be used to replace a headword. Boosters are usually words that are used in speech as slang, in proverbs and in mottos. For example:
noisy ADJECTIVE
Someone or something noisy makes loud or unpleasant sounds.
boisterous
Dad complained the party was getting far too boisterous.
deafening
Suddenly there was a deafening clap of thunder.
loud
The boys’ game was much too loud.
piercing
She was a nice girl, but they couldn’t stand her piercing laugh.
➔ ear-splitting
An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another. When a headword has an antonym, the antonym is shown at the end of the entry.
hot (2) ADJECTIVE
You say food is hot if it has a strong spicy taste.
peppery
The meal was a bit too peppery for me.
spicy
Dad likes his curries really spicy.
ANTONYM: mild
Word list entries
There are special themed entries throughout this thesaurus to support your writing.
At these entries you will find lists of things, such as parts of the body, colours and different types of animal. You might also find labelled illustrations to help you understand the words in the list. The word list pages are listed on the Contents (#u6bf386da-a27e-53ad-8b3c-a380bbbd3234) page.
Online resources
Explore further at www.collins.co.uk/homeworkhelp (http://www.collins.co.uk/homeworkhelp) for games, activities and extra support for parents and children.
Aa (#ulink_86858033-2fd8-5a31-8381-7caba3b4f114)
accident (1) NOUN
An accident is something nasty that happens by chance.
calamity
The flooding river caused a calamity and the house was wrecked.
catastrophe
That plane crash was a catastrophe.
collision
Mark damaged his bike in a collision with the gatepost.
crash
There was a bad crash on the motorway.
disaster
Tom’s walk ended with a disaster when he fell in the canal.
mishap
“Just a mishap,” said Dad, after his keys fell down the drain.
accident (2) NOUN
If something happens by accident, it was not planned.
chance
The friends met by chance at the disco.
coincidence
Ben and Rosie got the same answers by coincidence.
afraid ADJECTIVE
Someone who is afraid thinks that something nasty might happen.
anxious
Mole felt anxious in the wild wood.
nervous
“You don’t need to be nervous,” said the dentist. “This won’t hurt a bit.”
panic-stricken
They were panic-stricken when they heard the ice crack.
petrified
Emma was petrified during her ride on the big dipper.
scared
Goldilocks was scared when the three bears found her.
worried
Our cat was worried when the pet-shop owner picked up her kittens.
➔ numb with fear; scared to death
amphibian NOUN
An amphibian is an animal that can live on land and in water.
TYPES OF AMPHIBIANS:
anger NOUN
Anger is the strong feeling you have about something that is unfair.
fury
My little brother stamped his foot in fury when I wouldn’t play with him.
outrage
There was outrage among farmers when the plans were announced.
rage
Nobody dared annoy the ogre, because his rage was terrible to see.
angry ADJECTIVE
If you feel angry, you are very cross.
annoyed
Alice was annoyed with the Mad Hatter and the March Hare.
cross
Steven was cross when his sister finished his jigsaw.
enraged
Michael was enraged when thieves stole his new bike.
furious
His sister was furious about the broken window.
infuriated
Grandpa was infuriated because squirrels had dug up his flower bulbs.
mad
I made my best friend mad by shouting at her.
wild
Sarah was really wild when her little brother scribbled on her work.
➔ climbing the walls; fuming; going ballistic; livid
ANTONYM: pleased
animal NOUN
Animals are living things that are not plants. Humans, mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and insects are all animals.
beast
Fabulous beasts roamed wild in the enchanted forest.
creature
Mice are timid creatures.
KINDS OF ANIMALS:
amphibian
bird
fish
insect
mammal
reptile
annoy VERB
If you do something that annoys someone, you make them cross.
bother
The horse lashed its tail at flies that were bothering it.
hassle INFORMAL
Stop hassling me or we won’t go at all.
irritate
It irritates Thomas when people treat him like a child.
pester
The cubs would not stop pestering the old lion.
➔ drive someone crazy; get on someone’s nerves
appear (1) VERB
If something appears, it moves into a place where you can see it.
come into view
At last the train came into view round the bend.
emerge
A mouse emerged from a small hole in the skirting board.
turn up
They waited ages for the bus to turn up.
appear (2) VERB
If someone appears in a show or play, they take part in it.
act
Our drama teacher is looking for people to act in Peter Pan.
perform
I’ve been asked to perform in the school concert tonight.
argument NOUN
An argument is a talk between people who do not agree.
disagreement
There was a disagreement about the new kitten’s name.
fight
We had a bit of a fight over whose turn it was to wash up.
quarrel
Sophie was unhappy after the quarrel with her friend.
squabble
“I don’t want the usual squabble about this,” said Mary.
arrange (1) VERB
If you arrange something like a party, you make plans and organize it.
fix
We’d better fix the date soon or there won’t be any seats left.
organize
My mum’s great at organizing things, but she won’t do any cooking.
plan
William’s sister is planning a wedding at the end of the year.
arrange (2) VERB
If you arrange things like flowers, you group them in a special way.
group
Harry grouped the rocks according to size.
set out
The books were set out on the shelves.
sort
Dad sorted his files in alphabetical order to make them easy to find.
arrive VERB
When you arrive at a place, you reach it at the end of your journey.
come
What time’s Jeremy coming?
turn up
Chloe could turn up any minute now.
ask (1) VERB
You ask for something when you want to be given it.
beg
James begged his dad for a mountain bike for his birthday.
demand
“Who’s been playing with my camera?” demanded Dad.
order
The highwayman ordered them to hand over their jewels.
plead
Holly pleaded to be allowed to stay up late and read her book.
request
The sign read, “Parents are requested to control their children.”
ask (2) VERB
If you ask someone a question, you are trying to find something out.
enquire
“May I enquire,” said the teacher, “why that mouse is in your pocket?”
find out
I’ll find out what time the train goes from the station.
interrogate
“You don’t have to interrogate me,” said Nina. “I’ll tell you anyway.”
question
The police said they were questioning a number of people.
ask (3) VERB
If you ask someone somewhere, you want them to come.
invite
I invited all my friends to my birthday party at the pool.
summon
Christopher was summoned to the head teacher’s office.
attractive ADJECTIVE
If someone or something is attractive, they are nice to look at.
beautiful
The car stopped and a beautiful woman got out.
charming
We had tea in the garden of a charming little cottage.
handsome
“I’ll turn into a handsome prince if you kiss me,” said the frog.
lovely
There was a lovely view from the window.
pretty
On the way, we passed through several pretty villages.
awful ADJECTIVE
Something awful is very unpleasant or bad.
bad
The weather was so bad we had to cancel the picnic.
dreadful
Sarah had a dreadful cold and found it hard to breathe.
horrible
A horrible smell came wafting from the witch’s cauldron.
terrible
Rosetta’s writing is so terrible nobody can read it.
unpleasant
They’ve painted the walls an unpleasant shade of green.
Bb (#ulink_5c6c3acd-fb90-5fa4-96f7-135577de9423)
bad (1) ADJECTIVE
You say somebody is bad if they are naughty or wicked.
criminal
The police arrested four of the men for criminal behaviour.
disobedient
I have a very disobedient dog. He doesn’t come when I call him.
evil
Stories often tell of the fight between good and evil forces.
vile
“You’re vile!” she screamed. “Go away!”
wicked
The wicked queen gave Snow White a poisoned apple.
ANTONYM: good
bad (2) ADJECTIVE
If something is bad, it is harmful, unpleasant or upsetting.
appalling
Conditions on the road were appalling. There were several accidents.
disgusting
A disgusting smell came from the cave. An ogre was washing his underpants.
dreadful
The kitchen was in a dreadful state when Sanjay had finished making a cake.
harmful
Pollution is harmful for the environment.
hazardous
There is thick fog on the motorway and driving conditions are hazardous.
horrid
Amy stood in the doorway. “I’ve just had a horrid dream,” she said.
nasty
The medicine tasted really nasty.
severe
Darren the dragon had a severe coughing fit and set light to the furniture.
terrible
The weathermen were forecasting terrible floods for the weekend.
unpleasant
Walking to school was really unpleasant. Slush was everywhere.
bad (3) ADJECTIVE
You say something is bad if it is of poor quality.
careless
Your answers are right, but your presentation is careless.
faulty
Robert’s handling of the cricket bat was faulty so he couldn’t hit the ball.
poor
The lighting was so poor nobody could see the steps properly.
shoddy
The cupboard was so shoddy that it fell apart when I opened it.
wrong
The instructions were wrong so we couldn’t see how to assemble the kit.
ban VERB
If someone bans something, you are not allowed to do it.
forbid
Our teacher has forbidden sweets and crisps in the classroom.
prohibit
The council has prohibited skateboarding in the shopping centre.
band (1) NOUN
A band is a small number of people, like a group of musicians.
group
Five of us have formed a pop group.
orchestra
Our school has its own orchestra.
band (2) NOUN
A band can be a strip of material such as iron, cloth or rubber.
hoop
Metal hoops held the barrel together.
strap
Strong straps keep the luggage safe on the roof rack.
strip
Strips of gold round the sailor’s sleeve showed he was in charge.
bang NOUN
A bang is a sudden loud noise.
blast
They heard a blast from the rocket as it launched.
boom
A boom from the explosive echoed round the quarry.
explosion
There was a deafening explosion and the ground shook.
knock
Suddenly, there was a loud knock at the front door.
bare (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is bare, it has nothing in it or on it.
empty
She looked for food in the cupboard, but it was empty.
unfurnished
The place was unfurnished except for a table and one chair.
bare (2) ADJECTIVE
If part of your body is bare, it is not covered by clothes.
naked
The baby lay naked, kicking her legs.
nude
The painting showed a nude woman holding a towel.
undressed
“You can’t come in!” she shrieked. “I’m undressed!”
basic ADJECTIVE
Basic means the simplest things you need, or need to know.
chief
The chief thing to remember when hiking is to shut gates behind you.
essential
Water is an essential requirement for all living creatures.
important
An important rule is to check the traffic before you cross a road.
main
The main thing is not to panic if the fire alarm goes off.
standard
Our car is a standard model.
beautiful (1) ADJECTIVE
You say something is beautiful if it gives you great pleasure to look at or listen to.
amazing
There’s an amazing view of the countryside from here.
attractive
It’s an attractive village with a very old church in the centre.
enchanting
The castle has an enchanting garden.
fine
It was a fine day so Finlay went for a paddle at the beach.
glorious
“Summer weather here is absolutely glorious,” exclaimed Gran.
gorgeous
Princess Jane wore a gorgeous dress sparkling with jewels.
graceful
The ballerina performed a graceful curtsey for the audience.
incredible
It was an incredible building with dozens of turrets.
magnificent
The king wore magnificent robes.
pretty
There’s a pretty cottage round the corner.
spectacular
The fireworks were spectacular.
splendid
The singer had a splendid voice.
stunning
“Wow! Your new hairstyle is absolutely stunning!” said Fiona.
beautiful (2) ADJECTIVE
You say someone is beautiful if they are lovely to look at.
good
Mum looked really good in her new outfit.
good-looking
The girl next door’s really good-looking.
lovely
The princess looked lovely on her wedding day.
believe VERB
If you believe someone or something, you think what is said is true.
accept
She can’t accept that she is wrong.
trust
I trusted him, but it seems he was not telling the truth.
bend (1) VERB
When something bends, it becomes curved or crooked.
buckle
Her bike hit a rock that badly buckled the front wheel.
fold
The blacksmith heated a strip of iron and folded it in half.
twist
A man twisted long balloons into the shape of an animal.
bend (2) NOUN
A bend is a curve in something.
corner
The house you are looking for is round the next corner.
curve
Round a curve in the river was the waterfall where we ate our picnic.
loop
Loops in the mountain road made the drive scary.
bend (3) VERB
When you bend, you move your body forwards and downwards.
bow
The farmer bowed his back under a heavy sack of oats.
crouch
The girl crouched down in a field during a game of hide and seek.
lean
Sam leaned over and stroked the kitten.
stoop
Stooping down, she touched the track made by the deer.
better (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is better than something else is of a higher standard or quality.
finer
I couldn’t have had a finer teacher.
greater
After all his study, he had a greater understanding of the subject.
better (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are feeling better after an illness, you are not feeling so ill.
healthier
Sean certainly looks much healthier now.
recovering
Grandma had a nasty fall but she is now recovering.
stronger
I felt really weak, but I’m getting stronger every day.
big (1) ADJECTIVE
Something or somebody big is large in size.
bulky
The parcel was too bulky to fit through the letterbox.
enormous
Lionel got squashed when an enormous dog sat on him.
giant
At the end of the party Uncle Simon set off a giant firework.
grand
The concert was in a very grand house.
great
There was a great gasp from the audience.
huge
Elephants are huge animals.
immense
This money will be an immense help to the new hospital.
large
Matt took a large bite of chocolate cake and grinned contentedly.
massive
A massive rock crashed to the ground in front of them.
mighty
There was a mighty roar from the crowd when we scored the winning goal.
vast
A vast mountain rose before them, its top lost in mist.
➔ colossal; gigantic; mammoth
big (2) ADJECTIVE
Sometimes big can mean important, or having a lot of influence.
important
“Hey, I think we’ve found something important,” said Carter.
serious
Burglary is a serious problem in this area.
bin VERB
If you bin something, you throw it away.
discard
Mum tried to persuade Dad to discard his old jacket.
scrap
She decided to scrap everything she’d written so far.
bind VERB
If you bind something, you tie something like string or cloth tightly round it so that it is held in place.
attach
In our first-aid class, we were taught to attach splints to a damaged limb.
fasten
The woodcutter always fastens the firewood with twine.
join
Simon used extra-strong tape to join the broken struts together.
tie
“I’ll tie a handkerchief round your leg to stop the bleeding,” said Mum.
bird NOUN
A bird is an animal with two legs, two wings and feathers.
PET BIRDS:
budgerigar
cockatiel
FARM BIRDS:
chicken
duck
goose
turkey
BIRDS THAT LIVE NEAR WATER:
coot
curlew
duck
flamingo
goose
gull
kingfisher
moorhen
pelican
penguin
puffin
stork
swan
BRITISH GARDEN BIRDS:
blackbird
blue tit
chaffinch
robin
sparrow
thrush
wren
BIRDS OF PREY:
buzzard
eagle
falcon
kestrel
owl
OTHER BIRDS:
emu
kiwi
kookaburra
ostrich
parrot
peacock
vulture
bit NOUN
A bit of something is a small piece of it.
chip
We found a chip of Roman pottery in the garden.
chunk
Henry broke off a chunk of chocolate.
crumb
Under the table, birds were pecking at leftover crumbs.
fragment
They were looking for fossils but found only a small fragment of bone.
morsel
Oliver was so hungry he ate up every last morsel of pie.
part
Julia liked the part in the film where owls brought messages.
piece
She couldn’t finish the jigsaw. There was one piece missing.
portion
Every guest had a portion of cheese.
scrap
There was an interesting scrap of paper at the crime scene.
shred
The kitten tore the curtains to shreds.
slab
A slab of white stone covered the mouth of the tomb.
speck
If there was a speck of dust my mum would find it.
body NOUN
Your body is every part of you.
boil VERB
When liquid boils, it bubbles.
bubble
Stew bubbled furiously on the stove.
foam
Warm the butter until it foams.
froth
Hot milk rose in the pan and frothed over the top.
heat
Heat the mixture for five minutes.
book NOUN
A book is a number of pages held together inside a cover.
KINDS OF BOOKS:
album
atlas
diary
dictionary
encyclopedia
jotter
manual
notebook
novel
storybook
textbook
thesaurus
boring ADJECTIVE
Something boring is so dull that you have no interest in it.
dreary
We spent a dreary afternoon queuing for concert tickets.
dull
The film was so dull that William fell asleep in the middle of it.
monotonous
The television presenter droned on in a monotonous voice.
➔ mind-numbing
ANTONYM: exciting
bottom (1) NOUN
The bottom of something is the lowest part of it.
base
There were lots of fallen rocks at the base of the cliff.
bed
The bed of the river was sandy.
foot
They stopped at the foot of the mountain and looked up.
foundation
It was an old pillar. The foundation was crumbling.
bottom (2) NOUN
Your bottom is the part of your body that you sit on.
behind
Llewelyn sat there so long that his behind went numb.
bum INFORMAL
“Does my bum look big in this?” Abdul’s teenage sister asked.
buttocks
A fall on the ice bruised his buttocks.
rear
While Tom was looking round the farm, a goat butted him in the rear.
box NOUN
A box is a container with straight sides, made from something stiff, like cardboard, wood or plastic.
carton
They took a carton of strawberries with them on the picnic.
case
When we moved, all our books were packed in cases.
chest
Tommy keeps his toys in a chest.
packet
Sarah wanted her own small packet of cereal for breakfast.
brave ADJECTIVE
If you are brave, you show you can do something even if it is frightening.
adventurous
Jack was adventurous and liked to explore new places.
bold
The kitten was bold enough to tap the dog on its nose.
courageous
The courageous dentist agreed to check the lion’s teeth.
daring
King Arthur’s knights did all sorts of daring deeds.
fearless
People doing extreme sports seem fearless.
➔ heroic; intrepid
ANTONYM: cowardly
break (1) VERB
If you break something, it splits into pieces or stops working.
chip
“Don’t bang that plate down or you’ll chip it,” said Mum.
crack
The ogre gazed at his reflection. This made the mirror crack.
crumble
She sat anxiously crumbling a piece of bread in her fingers.
fall apart
Jeremy gloomily watched his bookshelves fall apart.
shatter
Her voice is so loud it could shatter glass.
smash
There was a smash as the stereo hit the floor.
snap
Simone heard a twig snap behind her. She spun round in alarm.
splinter
The Snow Queen made the glass splinter into a thousand fragments.
break (2) NOUN
A break is a short rest or change.
interval
In the play there’s a short interval between two acts.
pause
There was a pause while the teacher hunted for her notes.
rest
“I’m exhausted,” said Daniel. “Let’s have a rest before we go out.”
bright (1) ADJECTIVE
Someone who is bright is quick at learning or noticing things.
brainy
My brother’s really brainy. He wants to go to university.
clever
“If you’re clever, you’ll put the watch together again,” said Jessie.
intelligent
Guide dogs have to be very intelligent.
sharp
“You’re very sharp,” said the old lady, “but you still haven’t solved the puzzle.”
smart
Some people think squirrels are smart, but they often can’t find nuts they’ve buried.
bright (2) ADJECTIVE
Bright lights and colours are strong and startling.
brilliant
Parrots’ brilliant colours make them easy to see.
colourful
The magician produced a colourful string of knotted scarves.
dazzling
They shaded their eyes against his dazzling white shirt.
glaring
Glaring headlights blinded Dad and he had to stop the car.
glowing
The bonfire was glowing in the dark.
bright (3) ADJECTIVE
Someone who is bright is cheerful and lively.
cheerful
I like Alex. He’s always so cheerful and jolly in class.
lively
Kamal felt lively and refreshed when he woke up.
bring VERB
If you bring something or someone, you have them with you when you arrive.
carry
He arrived carrying presents for everyone.
guide
You’ll need someone to guide you back if it’s dark.
lead
Firemen often have to lead people out of burning buildings.
take
Taxis were used to take guests to the wedding reception.
build VERB
If you build something, you make it by joining things together.
create
Dad created a wonderful tree house for us.
make
The children made an igloo with small blocks of snow.
put up
We put up a fence round the guinea pigs to keep them safe.
building NOUN
A building is a place, such as a house, that has walls and a roof.
BUILDINGS TO LIVE IN:
apartment
bungalow
castle
cottage
detached house
flat
semi-detached house
terraced house
BUILDINGS TO WORK IN:
factory
fire station
garage
hospital
laboratory
library
lighthouse
police station
shop
skyscraper
studio
windmill
BUILDINGS TO WORSHIP IN:
cathedral
chapel
church
mosque
synagogue
temple
bully VERB
Someone who bullies people hurts or frightens them.
frighten
The witch frightened him into helping her gather mushrooms.
threaten
One of the big boys threatened us.
torment
Stop tormenting your little sister.
bump NOUN
A bump is a raised, uneven part on a surface.
bulge
A bag of sweets made a bulge in his jacket pocket.
hump
There are humps here to slow down traffic.
lump
Our old mattress is full of lumps.
swelling
Chloe had a nasty swelling on her finger.
bump into VERB
If you bump into something, you hit it while you are moving.
bang into
The brakes on his bike failed and he banged into the fence.
collide with
In the dark our car collided with a tree.
hit
He ran into the road without looking and hit a cyclist.
strike
She struck a litter bin when she lost control of her skateboard.
bunch NOUN
A bunch is a group of things together, like flowers or grapes.
bouquet
The bride carried a bouquet of roses.
posy
Emma gave her mum a lovely posy of bright flowers.
spray
Sprays of holly brightened the hall.
bundle NOUN
A bundle is a number of small things gathered together.
batch
The first batch of letters arrived the next day.
collection
We put a collection of newspapers out for recycling.
heap
On the table was a heap of clothes for the charity shop.
pile
A pile of dirty washing was waiting to go to the launderette.
burn VERB
If something is burning, it is on fire.
blaze
A bonfire blazed in the garden.
flame
The fire began to flame green as it caught the ink.
flare
Suddenly a match flared in the darkness.
flicker
He blew gently on the spark and the fire began to flicker.
burst VERB
When something like a balloon or tyre bursts, it splits apart suddenly.
explode
One of the bottles exploded in the heat.
pop
The baby laughed with delight when the bubbles popped.
puncture
A nail punctured one of my tyres.
Cc (#ulink_1dc84c33-c603-5983-9525-216244a1b1a0)
call (1) VERB
If you call, you phone or visit someone.
phone
I’ll phone you as soon as I get there.
ring
Give me a ring one day next week.
visit
Grandpa wants us to visit tomorrow.
call (2) VERB
If you call someone, you shout for them.
cry
“Where are you hiding?” she cried.
cry out
Rashid cried out in delight when he saw the otter.
shout
“Come on Ben. You’ll be late for school,” Mum shouted.
yell
“Come on in!” Tracy yelled. “The water is great!”
calm (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is calm, it is still and peaceful.
peaceful
Everything seemed peaceful in the church.
still
That afternoon the breeze had dropped and the air was still.
calm (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are calm, you do not seem worried or excited.
cool
She was surprisingly cool about the exciting news.
quiet
The children were very quiet until they saw the mouse.
car NOUN
A car is a road vehicle with wheels and an engine. It needs a driver and usually has room for passengers.
KINDS OF CARS:
convertible
estate
four-wheel drive
hatchback
limousine
minicab
people carrier
racing car
saloon
sports car
taxi
vintage car
care VERB
If you care about something, you are concerned about it.
be bothered
I am bothered about missing my swimming lessons.
be concerned
My brother is concerned about the world’s endangered wildlife.
mind
Gavin said he didn’t mind who won the game of chess.
careful (1) ADJECTIVE
If you are careful, you try to do things well.
accurate
The soldier had to be accurate. He had only one chance to hit the target.
thorough
We made a thorough search of the room.
careful (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are careful, you try to do things safely.
alert
In Australia there is a danger of bush fires, and people have to be alert.
cautious
The lifeguard taught them to be cautious around the pool.
wary
Joe was wary of the elephant - it was very large.
watchful
With a toddler, you have to be watchful all the time.
careless (1) ADJECTIVE
If you are careless, you do not take enough care.
messy
My little sister is a messy eater.
sloppy
Her knitting was sloppy, with dropped stitches everywhere.
untidy
The professor was untidy. Now he couldn’t find his papers.
careless (2) ADJECTIVE
Careless can also mean not being sensible about things.
reckless
Sam took a reckless leap over the river.
thoughtless
Only thoughtless people went out in the storm without a jacket.
carry VERB
When you carry something, you pick it up and take it with you.
move
He moved the plant over to the window.
take
We’d better take an umbrella.
transport
We need a van to transport our furniture.
catch (1) VERB
If you catch something, like measles, you get that illness.
come down with
“Stay away from me or you’ll come down with chickenpox too,” said Beth.
get
I don’t want to get this cold.
go down with
It’s just like Ross to go down with something at the wrong moment.
catch (2) VERB
If you catch somebody or something, you capture them.
arrest
The police want to arrest a man they suspect of burglary.
capture
Prison guards set a trap to capture the escaped prisoner.
trap
“Trap that spider,” said Granny, “then put it outside.”
change (1) VERB
When you change something, it becomes different.
alter
The tailor said he could soon alter the length of the trouser legs.
modify
Let’s modify the plan. We’ll go this afternoon instead.
reorganize
“Oh no!” cried Mrs Jones. “I’m going to have to reorganize everything.”
revise
The teacher said my story was good, but I should revise the ending.
change (2) VERB
When something changes, it becomes different.
develop
Caterpillars develop into moths or butterflies.
shift
The wind shifted to the west.
turn
Tadpoles soon turn into frogs.
change (3) VERB
If you change something, you replace it with something else.
exchange
“Can I exchange this blue shirt for a green one?” asked the customer.
swap
Henry wanted to swap his pop music CD for one of Rosie’s.
switch
I didn’t see him switch his old pen for my new one.
chase VERB
If you chase someone, you try to catch them.
follow
The boys followed the man they suspected of stealing a bike.
hunt
Our cat was out all night, hunting mice and rats.
pursue
Police pursued the speeding car for miles along the motorway.
trail
It was easy to trail the robber by following his footprints in the snow.
check VERB
If you check something, you make sure it is correct and safe.
examine
The witch frowned and examined the contents of the cauldron.
inspect
The mechanic inspected the car’s brakes.
make sure
Before we set off, I made sure we’d remembered everything.
test
He tested the ground in case it was boggy.
choose VERB
When you choose, you decide what to have or do.
elect
They quickly elected a new leader.
name
Each one named the person they wanted.
pick
He picked the biggest cake he could find.
select
They were told to select a book and read for the rest of the lesson.
take
We took the shortest way.
clean (1) VERB
If you clean something, you remove dirt from it.
DIFFERENT WAYS OF CLEANING:
bathe
brush
dust
mop up
polish
rinse
scour
scrub
shampoo
sponge
sweep
vacuum
wash
wipe
clean (2) ADJECTIVE
If something is clean, it is free from dirt.
blank
She took a blank sheet and began to write.
sparkling
Penelope polished the glasses until they were sparkling.
spotless
The floor was spotless by the time they’d finished mopping it.
clear (1) ADJECTIVE
If something you say or write is clear, it is easy to understand.
evident
It was evident she didn’t like me.
obvious
It was obvious from the first sentence that this was a sad book.
plain
“I’ll make my idea plain, in words of one syllable,” his brother said.
simple
The instructions were really simple and easy to follow.
clear (2) ADJECTIVE
On a clear day there are no clouds in the sky.
bright
On a bright day there are strong shadows on the ground.
cloudless
After the storm the sun shone brightly in the cloudless sky.
fine
“If the weather’s fine we’ll go to the beach tomorrow,” said Dad.
sunny
It was sunny one minute and raining heavily the next.
clear (3) ADJECTIVE
If a space is clear, there is nothing in it or it is free from things you don’t want.
bare
The room was bare when we got it ready for decorating.
empty
For once, the car park was empty and Mum could park close to the shops.
clever ADJECTIVE
Someone who is clever can learn and understand things easily.
brainy
Matt is really brainy. He gets top marks for everything.
bright
The baby’s very bright. She’s saying lots of words already.
crafty
A crafty old fox sneaked into the kitchen and stole the sausages.
cunning
She disguised her scar with a cunning use of make-up.
gifted
Kamal is a gifted writer.
intelligent
Our cat’s quite intelligent. It understands ten words.
inventive
Matt was really inventive when it came to making up excuses.
sharp
That old man is still as sharp as ever.
skilful
Finches are skilful at getting the shells off sunflower seeds.
talented
He was a talented musician who could play any instrument well.
climb VERB
When you climb something, you move upwards.
ascend
The lift ascended so rapidly it took their breath away.
clamber
They clambered up the steep hill, clutching at bushes.
shin up
They shinned up the tree and looked at the view.
clothes PLURAL NOUN
Clothes are the things people wear, such as shirts, trousers and dresses.
clothing
You’ll need warm clothing if you want to watch the fireworks.
costume
The actors in the film wore wonderful bright costumes.
dress
We were asked to wear informal dress to the dance.
garments
The charity shop is always glad of garments we no longer need.
gear
Sebastian had to have all the right gear for skateboarding.
outfit
Mum said her new outfit would be perfect for the wedding.
wardrobe
A famous designer planned the wardrobe for the musical.
wear
The shop sold everything you could want in the way of outdoor wear.
cold ADJECTIVE
If the weather is cold, the temperature outside is low.
WORDS THAT DESCRIBE THE COLD:
arctic
biting
bitter
chilly
cool
freezing
frosty
frozen
icy
raw
wintry
collect VERB
If you collect a number of things, you bring them together.
assemble
They assembled lots of food for the midnight feast.
gather
We went out to gather blackberries from a field near our house.
hoard
David hoarded empty glass bottles for his display.
raise
The school is trying to raise money for Children in Need.
save
We have been asked to save used stamps for a school project.
collection NOUN
A collection is a group of things brought together over a period of time.
assortment
The bathroom shelf is full of an assortment of shampoo bottles.
heap
Now and again, Dad adds another book to the heap.
mass
Dan worked his way through a mass of clothes to find his jeans.
pile
There was a pile of smelly old trainers in the corner.
set
“One more card and I’ll have a complete set,” said Raymond.
colour NOUN
The colour of something is the way it looks in daylight.
shade
The walls were painted in different shades.
tint
The autumn leaves were taking on a warm red tint.
DIFFERENT COLOURS:
black
blue
navy
sky blue
turquoise
brown
chocolate
coffee
fawn
green
bottle-green
lime
orange
tan
pink
rose
purple
lavender
lilac
mauve
red
crimson
scarlet
vermilion
white
cream
ivory
yellow
amber
gold
come VERB
To come to a place is to move there or arrive there.
appear
We all giggled when the magician’s rabbit appeared on stage.
approach
The guard dog growled loudly when the stranger approached.
arrive
The train arrived, and Grandma got out.
draw near
As they drew near to the castle, the great door opened.
show up
Most of the acts were good, but the conjuror didn’t show up.
turn up
“Don’t worry about us. We’ll turn up later,” said Ted.
visit
The Mayor is going to visit this afternoon.
ANTONYM: go
comfortable (1) ADJECTIVE
Something comfortable makes you feel relaxed and snug.
cosy
My room’s warm and cosy in winter, even when it’s freezing outside.
snug
Jamil felt snug tucked up in bed.
soft
Charlotte snuggled into the soft pillow and fell asleep straight away.
comfortable (2) ADJECTIVE
If you are comfortable, you feel at ease.
contented
The cat looked contented stretching out beside the fire.
happy
He was happy in his new room.
relaxed
Rebecca felt relaxed in the company of her friends.
ANTONYM: uncomfortable
common ADJECTIVE
If something is common, you often see it or it often happens.
average
It’s average behaviour for a boy of his age.
everyday
Children feeding ducks on the pond is an everyday sight in this park.
standard
Power steering is standard in many cars that are made today.
usual
It is quite usual to see dogs and cats getting on well together.
competition NOUN
A competition is an event to see who is best at doing something.
championship
Our school is taking part in the junior swimming championship.
contest
There was a fierce contest between the red and blue teams.
game
Supporters cheered when their team won the game.
race
Attilio was by far the fastest runner and easily won the race.
tournament
My brother is through to the finals of the table-tennis tournament.
complete (1) ADJECTIVE
If something is complete, there is nothing missing.
entire
I’ve got the entire set of famous people in my album.
full
The teacher wanted a full report of the science experiment.
whole
Amy recited the whole poem without a single mistake.
complete (2) VERB
If you complete something, you finish it.
conclude
The head teacher concluded his lecture with a warning about litter.
do
Have you done your homework?
end
Simon ended his talk by asking if there were any questions.
finish
Charles couldn’t think how to finish his story.
conversation NOUN
If you have a conversation with someone, you talk to each other.
chat
My mum likes to have a chat with friends over a cup of coffee.
discussion
There was a long discussion about which class Sheena should be put in.
gossip
The opening of the new school provided plenty of gossip.
talk
“I think we should have a talk about this,” said his teacher.
cook VERB
When you cook food, you prepare it for eating by heating it.
WAYS OF COOKING:
bake
barbecue
boil
fry
grill
microwave
poach
roast
steam
stew
stir-fry
toast
copy (1) NOUN
A copy is something made to look like something else.
fake
The police say that painting is a fake.
forgery
He thought the man gave him a twenty-pound note, but it was a forgery.
imitation
Those jewels are only imitations. They’re made of glass.
photocopy
“Can you give me a photocopy of that page?” asked Domenica.
It’s not an original painting. It’s a print.
replica
Manuel bought a plastic replica of the Eiffel Tower.
copy (2) VERB
If you copy what someone does, you do the same thing.
follow
“You must follow my movements exactly,” said the dance teacher.
imitate
She can imitate her mum’s voice.
impersonate
Frank is really good at impersonating famous people.
mimic
Ben can mimic the sounds animals make.
mirror
We carefully mirrored the movements of the karate teacher.
trace
Kim carefully traced the outline of the country into her book.
correct ADJECTIVE
Something that is correct is true and has no mistakes.
accurate
Make sure that your measurements are accurate, or the pieces will not fit together.
exact
It’s no good guessing the amount of flour you need, it must be exact.
precise
“It’s very important that the details you give are precise,” said the policeman.
right
In the test, all his answers were right.
true
“Your report may be exciting,” said her teacher, “but is it true?”
cosy ADJECTIVE
A house or room that is cosy is comfortable and warm and not too big.
comfortable
It was a comfortable room with lots of deep armchairs and thick rugs.
snug
We love our house because it’s so snug.
warm
The fire sent out a warm, welcoming glow.
count VERB
If you count a number of things, you find out how many there are.
add up
She added up her pocket money to see if there was enough to go to the cinema.
calculate
Patrick calculated the number of hours he had spent doing his homework.
tally
The whole class stayed to tally the votes for the football captain.
work out
Work out how much you’ve got, and how much more you need to buy this bike.
cover VERB
If you cover something, you put something else over it to protect or hide it.
cloak
Mist cloaked the mountain top, making it too dangerous to climb.
conceal
The boy concealed his work with his hand.
hide
During winter a blanket of snow hid the lawn and flowerbeds.
mask
Edmund masked his feeling of dismay with a smile.
crack NOUN
A crack is a line or gap on something that shows it is damaged.
crevice
Many spiders lurked in crevices in the old stone wall.
gap
They had to watch the game through a gap in the fence.
split
One of the pieces of wood had a large split at the end.
crash NOUN
A crash is a sudden loud noise like something breaking.
clash
Fabian brought the cymbals together with a clash.
clatter
The metal tray dropped to the ground with a clatter.
smash
There was a smash as the stereo hit the floor.
crime NOUN
A crime is something that is against the law of a country.
KINDS OF CRIMES:
arson
burglary
graffiti
hijacking
joyriding
mugging
murder
piracy
robbery
shoplifting
smuggling
stealing
terrorism
theft
vandalism
criminal NOUN
A criminal is someone who has done something that is against the law.
KINDS OF CRIMINALS:
arsonist
burglar
graffitist
hijacker
joyrider
mugger
murderer
pirate
robber
shoplifter
smuggler
terrorist
thief
vandal
crooked ADJECTIVE
Something that is crooked is bent or twisted.
bent
Shadha complained she couldn’t get any juice through the bent straw, so the waiter got her another.
twisting
A twisting path led through the woods to the cottage.
warped
The wood was so warped they couldn’t use it for anything but firewood.
cross ADJECTIVE
Someone who is cross is angry about something.
angry
Adrian was so angry he could hardly speak to her.
annoyed
Grandpa was annoyed when he found slugs had eaten his lettuces.
grumpy
Steven felt grumpy about not being well enough to go out.
irritable
Flies pestered the pony and made him very irritable.
cruel ADJECTIVE
Someone who is cruel hurts people or animals without caring.
brutal
The police said it was a brutal murder.
cold-hearted
The kidnapper was cold-hearted and ignored their pleas.
heartless
A heartless burglar smashed my grandma’s favourite vase.
vicious
The burglar aimed a vicious kick at the guard dog.
ANTONYM: kind
crush VERB
To crush something is to destroy its shape by squeezing it.
flatten
They flattened the soft drink cans before recycling them.
screw up
Tibbles screwed up Mum’s jacket when she slept on it.
squash
I dropped the shopping bag and squashed the tomatoes.
cry (1) VERB
To cry means to call out loudly.
call
He called, “Anybody there?”
shout
“I can’t hear you,” she shouted.
shriek
“Oh no!” shrieked Libby. “My new jeans have shrunk.”
yell
Debbie had to yell above the din in the school playground.
cry (2) VERB
When you cry, tears come from your eyes and trickle down your face.
grizzle
The baby grizzles when he’s hungry.
howl
My sister howled when her gerbil died.
snivel
“It’s no good snivelling,” said the ugly sisters. “You’re not going to the ball.”
sob
Tommy sobbed when he dropped his ice cream.
wail
“I wanted to go to the pantomime!” wailed Roly.
weep
Lara wept as she waved goodbye.
whimper
The puppy whimpered when Abdul went off to school.
cut (1) VERB
If you cut something, you use a knife or scissors to remove parts of it.
carve
Nicholas carved the wood into the shape of a cat.
chop
The cook chopped an onion and carrot into small pieces.
clip
Katherine clipped out an advertisement from the newspaper.
mow
Grandpa loves mowing his lawn to keep it neat and tidy.
prune
Rose bushes need pruning in spring.
saw
The gardener sawed up some wood to make a nesting box.
slice
Mrs Cratchit always sliced the bread too thinly.
snip
The hairdresser snipped off my long hair.
trim
The barber carefully trimmed the wizard’s long beard.
cut (2) VERB
To cut can mean to reduce something.
lower
The supermarket is lowering a lot of its prices this week.
reduce
The government is trying to reduce the amount of traffic on the roads.
Dd (#ulink_6b680646-90ce-5f41-b399-3faa921303bc)
damage VERB
To damage something means to harm or spoil it.
break
My little sister has broken her doll already.
chip
Melanie was furious when she chipped her nail varnish.
dent
A gatepost got in the way and dented Dad’s bumper.
destroy
An unexpected storm destroyed their beach hut.
ruin
“You’ve ruined my painting!” David screamed angrily.
scratch
Natalie’s bike was scratched when it fell in the holly bush.
spoil
The baby knocked over a cup and spoiled my homework.
vandalize
Someone has vandalized the phone box on the corner of our street.
wreck
Rocks often wreck boats that come too close to shore.
dance VERB
When you dance, you move your body in time to music.
SOME KINDS OF DANCING:
ballet dancing
ballroom dancing:
foxtrot
quickstep
tango
waltz
break dancing
disco dancing
folk dancing
Highland dancing
Irish dancing
line dancing
salsa
square dancing
tap dancing
dangerous ADJECTIVE
If something is dangerous, it is likely to harm you.
alarming
Rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate.
deadly
The bite of some snakes can be deadly.
harmful
Medicines can be harmful if taken by the wrong person.
menacing
The captain waved his hook at Peter in a menacing fashion.
risky
They decided the adventure was getting too risky.
treacherous
Road conditions were treacherous in the thick fog.
unsafe
The bridge was rotten and unsafe to cross.
ANTONYM: safe
dark ADJECTIVE
When it is dark, there is not enough light to see properly.
black
The night was black and stormy.
dim
They could hardly see in the dim hallway.
gloomy
Rooms in the old castle were damp and gloomy.
murky
The submarine moved slowly in the murky depths of the ocean.
shadowy
A shadowy figure emerged from the misty woods.
unlit
It looked as if no one was home as all the rooms were unlit.
delicious ADJECTIVE
Food that is delicious tastes or smells very nice.
mouthwatering
At the village fair, the smell of frying onions was mouthwatering.
scrumptious INFORMAL
When we got home from school, Mum made us a scrumptious apple pie.
tasty
Andrew enjoyed a tasty snack on his way home from football training.
ANTONYM: horrible
demonstrate (1) VERB
If someone demonstrates something, they show you how to do it.
explain
Jamie explained how to separate the yolks and whites of eggs.
illustrate
Our music teacher illustrated how to play the violin.
demonstrate (2) VERB
If people demonstrate, they hold a public meeting or march to show they are strongly for or against something.
march
Sometimes thousands of people march in the capital to make their feelings known to the government.
protest
When people protest, they often meet to carry banners and shout slogans.
deserted ADJECTIVE
If a place is deserted, there are no people there.
abandoned
In the middle of the wood, the boys came upon an abandoned cottage.
empty
They saw a farmhouse and ran towards it to ask for water, but it was empty.
destroy VERB
To destroy something means to damage it so much it cannot be mended.
crush
The cottages were crushed under the feet of the angry giant.
damage
A tree fell in the storm and damaged our garden shed.
demolish
Builders demolished an empty house to make space for a new theatre.
ruin
People complained that the new building ruined their view.
smash
The jetty was smashed when a motorboat went out of control.
wreck
Many ships used to be wrecked on rocks around the coast before lighthouses were built to signal warnings.
different (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is different from something else is not like it in one or more ways.
assorted
I like boxes of assorted biscuits best.
changed
He seemed changed somehow. Perhaps it was the short hair.
mixed
Alex had mixed feelings about going up a grade at school.
opposite
Mum’s quite opposite to me. She likes my room to be tidy and I like it to be a mess.
various
He had various excuses for being late.
different (2) ADJECTIVE
Something different is unusual and out of the ordinary.
bizarre
Have you seen Polly’s new hairstyle? It’s really bizarre!
extraordinary
The magician at the party performed some extraordinary tricks.
peculiar
There was something peculiar about the expression on his face.
special
I wanted to do something special for my seventh birthday.
unusual
The baby had an unusual cry.
➔ something else
dig VERB
When people or animals dig, they break up a surface.
burrow
Rabbits keep burrowing holes in the vegetable patch.
excavate
Archeologists are excavating at an ancient burial site.
hollow
Hollow out the centre of the pumpkin and cut teeth and eyeholes in the skin.
quarry
Marble has been quarried in Italy for many centuries.
scoop
Libby scooped out some ice cream from the tub.
tunnel
Some prisoners of war tunnelled their way out of the camp.
dirty ADJECTIVE
Something that is dirty is marked or covered with mud or stains.
filthy
“Your hands are filthy,” said Dad. “Go and wash them.”
foul
The pigsty was foul with droppings, old straw and mud.
greasy
“I hate washing up greasy dishes,” complained Simon.
grimy
Driving in the open-top car was great fun, but it made their faces pretty grimy.
grubby
He scrubbed at his knees with a grubby old tissue.
messy
Cleaning out the hamster is a messy job.
muddy
He came in from football with muddy shorts and boots.
polluted
The city air is polluted with vehicle fumes.
stained
Their clothes and mouths were stained with blackberry juice.
untidy
Litter blew around the park and made it look untidy.
discover VERB
When you discover something, you find it or find out about it.
find
My brother has found a good way to train the new puppy.
uncover
Mehmet lifted some papers and uncovered a book he’d thought was lost.
unearth
Kylie was digging a hole in the garden and unearthed an old pot.
ANTONYM: hide
disguise VERB
If you disguise something, you change it so that people do not recognize it.
camouflage
The army camouflages tanks to hide them from aircraft.
conceal
She tried to conceal the spot on her chin.
cover
He covered his hair with a black wig.
dress up
Murray dressed up as his father for the party.
mask
Dark sunglasses masked the expression in his eyes.
disturb (1) VERB
If you disturb someone, you interrupt them or spoil their peace and quiet.
bother
Don’t bother me now, I’m busy.
hassle INFORMAL
“Quit hassling me, will you?” yelled my older sister.
interrupt
We’re not allowed to interrupt Dad when he’s working.
pester
Thomas pestered his brother in the library.
trouble
I don’t want to trouble her now. She’s watching her favourite programme.
disturb (2) VERB
If something disturbs you, it upsets or worries you.
alarm
I don’t want to alarm you, but I think we should leave.
distress
The violence in the film distressed him.
frighten
The mouse was frightened when the cat sat by the cage.
upset
The noise upset the baby.
worry
Don’t tell Grandma about the problem. It’ll only worry her.
do (1) VERB
If you do something, you get on and finish it.
arrange
Dad is going to arrange everything.
carry out
The mechanic said he would carry out the repairs while we waited.
complete
“We should complete the work before the end of the week,” said the builder.
cope with
Rachel’s not sure she can cope with the decorations on her own.
finish
“You’ll have to finish your homework before you go swimming,” said Mum.
learn
What are you learning at the moment?
perform
Watch the clown perform his amazing juggling act.
do (2) VERB
If you say that something will do, you mean it is good enough.
be enough
I wonder if half a page about my holidays will be enough?
be sufficient
I really hope this food will be sufficient for six people.
be suitable
Mum wanted to know if jeans would be suitable for the parents’ evening.
work
They thought string might work as they didn’t have any tape.
drag VERB
If you drag a heavy object, you pull it along the ground.
draw
The horse plodded on, drawing the heavy cart behind it.
haul
Fishermen hauled in their nets and found they had a large catch.
pull
Indigo pulled her friend from the river and rang for an ambulance.
tow
The farmer used a tractor to tow anything heavy around the farm.
tug
The boys tugged the sack of grain across the barn floor.
draw (1) VERB
When you draw, you use something like a pencil or crayon to make a picture or a pattern.
doodle
Holly doodled in her notebook as she listened to the teacher.
paint
I wanted to paint some pictures while I was on holiday.
sketch
The artist sat by the lake sketching the view.
trace
For homework we had to trace the outline of a map and fill in the rivers.
draw (2) NOUN
A draw is the result in a game or competition in which nobody wins.
dead heat
The result of the 100 metres sprint was a dead heat.
tie
Floella had hoped to win the competition, but there was a tie for first place.
draw (3) VERB
If something draws you, it is so interesting that you move towards it.
attract
A skydiving display attracted large crowds to the event.
bring in
We are hoping the advertising will bring in plenty of people.
entice
We were enticed into the shop by the display of cakes in the window.
lure
The witch lured the children into her house with promises of sweets.
pull in
The new programme has pulled in a lot of young viewers.
dreadful ADJECTIVE
Something that is dreadful is very bad or unpleasant.
alarming
Our test results were pretty alarming.
awful
I was off school with an awful cold.
dire
The teacher issued dire warnings about the standard of our homework.
frightening
The force of the thunder storm was frightening.
frightful
After the Halloween party the house was in a frightful mess.
ghastly
A ghastly wail echoed round the castle.
horrible
The jumper I got for my birthday was a horrible yellow colour.
dream NOUN
A dream is something you want very much.
ambition
It’s Michael’s ambition to be a pilot.
daydream
My favourite daydream is being interviewed on TV about my book.
fantasy
Chelsea has this fantasy about being a famous model.
➔ vision
drink VERB
When you drink, you take liquid into your mouth and swallow it.
gulp
Boris was so thirsty he gulped down all his lemonade.
guzzle
“Don’t guzzle like that. Drink it slowly,” said Granny.
lap
Tigger lapped up the milk Simon put down for him.
sip
Julia sipped the hot tea carefully.
slurp
Augustus greedily slurped the chocolate milk shake.
swallow
She swallowed the medicine without tasting it.
swig
They swigged cola from the bottle.
DIFFERENT THINGS TO DRINK:
cold drinks
cola
fizz
fruit juice
lemonade
milk
milk shake
smoothie
squash
soya milk
water
hot drinks
cocoa
coffee
hot chocolate
hot milk
malted milk
tea
drive VERB
To drive means to make something or somebody go.
control
Sharon controlled her car skilfully on the sandy beach.
force
The cruel baron forced the villagers from their cottages.
push
People at the front of the crowd were pushed forward.
send
Tom sent the ball over the fence.
steer
Rashid steered the go-kart into the side of the track.
urge
The knight urged his horse to a full gallop.
dry ADJECTIVE
Something that is dry has no water in it at all.
arid
Large areas of Mexico are arid desert.
barren
No crops could grow on the barren land.
parched
The garden was parched and all the seedlings died.
dull (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is dull is not interesting.
boring
It was the most boring action film they’d ever seen.
dreary
I spent a dreary morning being dragged round the shops.
tedious
John found his cousin’s story tedious.
dull (2) ADJECTIVE
Something that is dull is not bright or clear.
cloudy
The day was so cloudy we thought it might rain at any moment.
dismal
A most surprising thing happened on that dismal wintry afternoon.
drab
She wore a drab grey dress and grimy brown shoes.
gloomy
It was difficult to see the ogre in the gloomy light of the cave.
grey
The clouds in the sky were a dark grey colour when the thunder storm started.
miserable
I like playing board games on miserable, rainy days.
ANTONYM: bright
Ee (#ulink_23242ea0-0ba2-5914-adbd-d5e843b4279f)
eager ADJECTIVE
If you are eager, you very much want to do or have something.
enthusiastic
There were plenty of enthusiastic volunteers to help plan the school garden.
impatient
Mark was impatient to get back to school after the holidays.
keen
Brownie was keen to enter the competition at the dog show.
longing
Rachel was longing to see her newborn baby brother.
easy ADJECTIVE
Something that is easy can be done without difficulty.
clear
The way the teacher showed us made everything clear.
obvious
The answer to the problem was obvious. I gave Tom some of my ice cream and he stopped crying.
plain
It was plain to see he didn’t like spiders.
simple
“Shelling the peas shouldn’t take you long,” said Mum. “It’s a simple job.”
ANTONYM: difficult
eat VERB
When you eat, you chew and swallow food.
bite
“Bite the jammy bit of the doughnut first,” said Isaac.
chew
Cows chew the grass thoughtfully.
devour
They devour the sandwiches as fast as she makes them.
gnaw
Boggart happily lay down in the garden and gnawed his bone.
gobble
Mum told them to stop gobbling sweets.
graze
Sheep graze in the meadow until the farmer brings them in for the night.
have a meal
“We have a meal together every evening,” said Mum.
munch
The horse likes to munch apples, carrots and oats.
nibble
Kylie nibbles her food like a mouse.
peck
Pigeons peck seeds and breadcrumbs thrown by the tourists.
swallow
Arthur was too busy talking to swallow his food properly.
edge NOUN
An edge is the end or side of something.
border
Her wallpaper had a border with animals on it.
boundary
The farmer planted a hedge along the boundary of his land.
brim
He filled his glass up to the brim.
margin
There were holes in the margin of the paper to fit the folder.
rim
They stood at the rim of the crater and gazed down into the depths.
effort NOUN
Effort is the energy needed to do something.
energy
It took a huge amount of energy to climb to the top of the hill.
force
With great force, the giant pushed a boulder from the mouth of the cave.
struggle
The boys found it a struggle to drag the heavy sack.
work
“They have put a lot of work into this project,” said the teacher.
empty (1) ADJECTIVE
Something that is empty has no people or things in it.
bare
John’s room was bare apart from a few packing cases.
blank
Hasan stared at the blank pages of his old diary.
clear
The road was clear and we arrived in record time.
deserted
We knocked on the door, but the place was completely deserted.
unoccupied
The house had been unoccupied for years.
vacant
We had a job to find a vacant field for our picnic.
ANTONYM: full
empty (2) VERB
If you empty a container, you pour or take everything out of it.
clear out
Dad started to clear out the shed today.
drain
There was a hole in his bucket and the water drained out.
unload
The children helped unload the car when they got home.
ANTONYM: fill
encourage (1) VERB
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Collins Dictionaries
Тип: электронная книга
Жанр: Зарубежная образовательная литература
Язык: на английском языке
Издательство: HarperCollins
Дата публикации: 16.04.2024
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О книге: Collins Junior Illustrated Thesaurus is a clear, easy-to-use thesaurus that provides support for children’s creative writing and helps build vocabulary, with full definitions for every synonym and sample sentences for each word.A simple, step-by-step introduction shows children how to get the best out of their thesaurus, while the colour headwords and clear layout make it easy to find the right word. Colourful illustrations and images throughout help children remember words and definitions.